大學圖書館讀者避難逃生傾向分析

The Evacuation Behaviors of University Library Users

吳可久(Ko-Chiu Wu)；王文安(Wen-An Wang)；宋立垚(Lih-Yau Song)

圖書館建築 ； 空間認知 ； 火災逃生 ； 決策行為 ； Library architecture ； Space recognition ； Fire evacuation ； Decision behavior

圖書資訊學研究

4卷2期（2010 / 06 / 01）

95 - 121

繁體中文

圖書館具有「通間」(One-Room)、複合樓層、單一主要出入口及主要樓梯等空間特性，而形成特別的情境影響火災時使用者選擇樓梯逃生之行為。本研究以問卷及統計分析探討臺灣四所大學圖書館948位使用者在火災發生時之逃生傾向，部分使用者會選擇最短路徑以最近的樓梯逃生，但也有部分使用者會選擇熟悉路徑而以接近主要出入口之樓梯逃生，僅以最短路徑規劃逃生路徑的電腦程式是不合理的；同時也調查分析不同體能別、身分別、使用頻率別之使用者社群的逃生資訊掌握及傾向。研究結果有助於了解人類受情境影響而經由認知及資訊處理機制所導致的行為，並對建築避難逃生資訊系統規劃有所助益。

This study analyzed the evacuation behaviors of university library users. University libraries are characteristic of the ”one room” buildings constituted by open spaces, multiple floors, a single main entrance/exit, and main stairways. These features affect users' evacuation behaviors in fire emergencies. Using questionnaire survey in four university libraries in Taiwan, this study statistically analyzed the fire evacuation behavioral tendencies of 948 library users including library patrons and staffers. The findings show that, although many people chose the shortest path to approach the nearest stairway and exit, other people based on their familiarity with the library buildings would choose paths to stairways closest to the main exit. Therefore, a computer simulation program for fire evacuation based solely on the shortest path concept is irrational for the real library users. Furthermore, this study analyzed the various evacuation behaviors and attitudes based on users' profiles of age/sex, rank, and frequency of library visit. The results may shed light on the human cognitive and information processes in hazard situations and provide useful information for the planning of evacuation systems.

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