自體酵素反應與熱萃取方法對文旦皮精油成分的影響

Effect of Endogenous Enzyme Reactions and Thermal Extraction Methods on Constituents of Essential Oil from Pummelo Peel

10.29429/JSLHR.201612_11(4).03

林雨欣(Yu-Hsin, Lin)；陳冠文(Guan-Wen, Chen)；駱俊賢(Chun-Hsien, Lo)

文旦 ； 精油 ； 自體酵素 ； 碳氫萜烯類化合物 ； 含氧萜烯類化合物 ； pummelo ； essential oil ； endogenous enzyme ； hydrocarbon monoterpenes and oxygenated terpenes

運動休閒餐旅研究

11卷4期（2016 / 12 / 01）

47 - 69

繁體中文

利用工業上常用的水蒸氣與蒸氣蒸餾萃取麻豆文旦果皮之精油，並以氣相色譜法–質譜法聯用(chromatography-mass spectrometry ; GC-MS)分析其成分組成，再以氣相色譜法(chromatography ; GC)分析其主要成分含量，其依序皆主要為limonene，其次為myrcene，次之為β-pinene。在自體酵素試驗，文旦果皮於30 °C 反應15 天，並以水蒸餾法萃取精油，其萃取率明顯的由2.50 下降至2.04%，而精油中主要碳氫萜烯類化合物由911.68 降低至828.19 mg/g，主要含氧萜烯類化合物由9.46 增加至12.43 mg/g。然而利用蒸氣蒸餾萃取，於50 °C 反應2 天的文旦皮精油，其萃取率亦明顯的由2.48 下降至1.64%，精油中主要碳氫萜烯類化合物由原來的982.15 減少至864.35 mg/g，而主要含氧萜烯類化合物則由10.95 增加至13.92 mg/g。本研究可提供改善精油香氣成分之加工方式的參考數據。

Pummelo peel oil was extracted by water distilation and steam distilation and the constituents were analyzed by GC-MS and GC. The main compound was limonene, the second was myrcene, and the third was β-pinene. In order to find the effect of endogenous enzymes on composition of pummelo peel oil, the oil was extracted by water distillation after reacting with endogenous enzymes for 15 days at 30℃. The yield of the essential oil decreased from 2.5 to 2.04%. The amount of hydrocarbon monoterpenes in the essential oil decreased from 911.68 to 828.19 mg/g, while the oxygenated terpenes increased from 9.46 to 12.43 mg/g. If the pummelo peel oil was extracted by steam distillation after reacting with endogenous enzymes for 2 days at 50℃, the yield of the essential oil significantly decreased from 2.48 to 1.64%. The hydrocarbon monoterpenes in the oil decreased from 982.15 to 864.35 mg/g and the oxygenated terpenes increased from 10.95 to 13.92 mg/g. This study can provide reference data to improve the processing of aroma components of essential oils.

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