游移的身體•重層的鏡像－由秋瑾的藝文生命觀看其身分認同問題

Wavering Body and Multiple Mirror-On identity by Qiu Jin's Literature Life

10.30091/JCDNCHU.200912.0005

羅秀美(Hsiu-Mei Lo)

秋瑾 ； 身體 ； 身分認同 ； 女性文學 ； 晚清文學 ； 近代文學 ； Qiu Jin ； body ； identity ； women literature ； the late Qing Dynasty literature ； modern literature

興大中文學報

26期（2009 / 12 / 01）

133 - 161

繁體中文

近代女詩人秋瑾的革命事業眾所周知，然本文擬由她的藝文生命以觀看她的身分認同問題。首先，就其藝文生命而言，她所創作的文本同時以文言與白話書寫呈現其內心世界的不同心影。除了以嫻熟的文言書寫小兒女的私語外，也論家國、頌英雄以及自勉勉人。然而白話文也是她的書寫選項，尤其是投身革命大業之後，熱衷於興女學與辦報刊的她，不能免俗的使用呼告宣講式的白話文，以啟蒙普羅大眾。由此可見，其藝文生命的豐富性頗值得探究。接著，以秋瑾的創作文本做為觀察她的身分認同的起點，可由其生命史談起。出身於閨閣教養中的她，依循傳統規範順理成章地為人婦為人母。然身處時代巨變中的女詩人，卻於婚後毅然拋卻我夫我子，東渡扶桑求知進取，一圓巾幗英雄夢。其間，她曾經變換男裝、參與革命，展現陽剛氣息，體現了女子身體的另一種可能性－以身相許於國族，而非僅為一名男子／夫婿服務。因此，在她的文本裡，不時透顯她對於無法生為男兒身的遺憾，以及對於男性英雄的崇拜情結，似乎頗為認同於男性世界。其實，她對於傳統才女文化仍相當孺慕，對於女英雄／英雌的事蹟亦心有戚戚。因此，透過她的文本觀察她的身分認同問題，可以發現她的認同是複雜的重層的鏡像，而非單一的認同於任一性別。換言之，其身分認同是游移迴旋的狀態，充滿探究的空間。

Modern poetess Qiu Jin's revolutionary cause is well known, ran this article to be by her artistic life, to view the issue of her identity. First of all, in terms of its artistic and cultural life, she composed the text written in both classical and vernacular rendering of their inner world, a different heart shadow. In addition to the classical Chinese writing the murmur of women, but also on the nation, praise heroes, and encourage self and others. But the vernacular as well as her writing options, especially after joining the revolutionary cause, eager to set up girls school and press, she no exception to the use of the vernacular style preach warning call to enlightenment the general public. Thus, the richness of its literature life, rather to be examined. Then, in order to create a text Qiu Jin's observations of her identity as a starting point to talk about its life history. Born in the boudoir of her upbringing, to follow traditional norms be a wife and motherhood. Great changes in the poetess living in the era, but she resolutely discard her husband and childern, crossed the sea to Japan to quest for knowledge, achieve heroine dreams. In the meantime, she had men wearing to participate in the revolution, to show masculine atmosphere, reflecting another possibility of the women's body-died for the Nation, and not just a husband. Thus, in her text, the permeability significantly from time to time her regret for can not be born a man, as well as a hero worship complex for men, it seems largely agree on the world of men. In fact, she is still admired the traditional women's culture and the heroine/female's deeds. Therefore, through the text of her observations of her identity problem, you can find her identity is a complex layer of multiple mirror, rather than a single identity in either gender. In other words, its identity is wavering swing state, full of exploring space.

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