《華嚴疏鈔》之善財童子參學義探微

Literary Analysis of Sudhana and His Pursuit of Knowledge, as Depicted in the Huayanshuchao

周玟觀(Wen-Kuan Chou)

清涼澄觀 ； 華嚴疏鈔 ； 善財童子 ； Chengguan ； Huayanshuchao ； Sudhana

興大中文學報

37期（2015 / 06 / 01）

193 - 222

繁體中文

本文旨在探討唐清涼澄觀對善財童子故事的解讀與詮釋，及其代表的意義。善財童子典出《華嚴經．入法界品》，指出生福城的善財童子拜見文殊菩薩求法，文殊示其南行參訪善知識、遍學遍參以成佛道的故事。經典中的善財童子與明代之後流行的童子拜觀音，與龍女併為觀音脅侍的善財故事頗有出入。本文以唐清涼澄觀對《八十華嚴》之《疏》、《演義鈔》等註疏作品為主要研究對象，以「歷位圓修」的概念為架構，依序討論其中人、事、修學次位、圓理與事修等相關問題。最後指出澄觀以華嚴經教的義理，解讀與詮釋善財童子的故事，使之成為具有生命轉化意義的參學之旅；善財童子則是一位自聖胎凡位的童真行者，藉由遍學遍參，一方面轉化生命品質，一方面獲取生命智慧，從而圓滿佛道的華嚴行者。

This study investigated the story of Sudhana, as interpreted by the Tang Dynasty monk Chengguan. The Avatamsaka Sutra: Entering the Dharma Realm the Sudhana literature depicts the story of a Fu City boy named Sudhana and his visit to Manjusri to seek guidances. Manjusri advises Sudhana to enrich his knowledge through traveling to the south. Taking on such advice, Sudhana ultimately discovers theway of Bhuddha. In this study, the notes of the Eighty Fascicles of the Avatamsaka and Yanyichao (notes of the Historical Novel) were examined. The concept of ＂liweiyuanxiu＂ (歷位圓修) (achieving enlightenment through self-cultivation) was applied as the study framework for sequentially discussing topics such as people, events,self-cultivation, achieving harmony, and self-cultivation through events. This study explained how Chengguan used the doctrine of Avatamsaka Sutra to interpret the story of Sudhana, allowing readers to understand how Sudhana's trip changed his life. Sudhana, a novice itinerant monk from a holy origin, transforms his quality of life as he travels to acquire wisdom, ultimately discovering the way of Buddha.

1. 李志夫(1994)。玄奘大師在印度境內遊學與善財童子參學有關地理、路線、及其意義之探討。中華佛學學報，7，167-189。
   連結：
2. 唐．澄觀：《大方廣佛華嚴經疏》。T35, no.1735。
3. 唐．澄觀：《大方廣佛華嚴經隨疏演義鈔》。T36, no.1736。
4. 唐．實叉難陀譯：《大方廣佛華嚴經》。 T10, no. 279。
5. (1991)。四書章句集注。臺北:長安出版社。
6. 唐．法藏：《華嚴經探玄記》。T35, no.1733。
7. 唐．澄觀：《三聖圓融觀門》，T45, no.1882。
8. 明吳承恩、徐少知校、周中明注、朱彤注(1996)。西遊記校注。臺北:里仁書局。
9. 唐澄觀(2001)。新修華嚴經疏鈔。臺北:財團法人臺北市華嚴蓮社。
10. 晉郭璞注、宋邢昺疏、李學勤編(2001)。爾雅注疏。臺北:臺灣古籍出版社。
11. 魏王弼注、魏韓康伯注、唐孔穎達正義(1989)。周易正義。臺北:藝文印書館。
12. Mark, Johnson(1987).The body in the Mind: the Bodily Basis of Meaning, Imagination, and Reason.Chicago:The University of Chicago Press.
13. 瓦爾特．本雅明、李茂增譯、蘇仲東譯(2009)。寫作與救贖：本雅明文選。上海:東方出版社。
14. 印順(1994)。初期大乘佛教之起源與開展。臺北:正聞出版社。
15. 余德慧(2014)。宗教療癒與身體人文空間。臺北:心靈工坊。
16. 張靜二(1984)。西遊記人物研究。臺北:學生書局。
17. 陳俊吉(2013)。博士論文(博士論文)。國立臺灣藝術大學書畫藝術學系。
18. 陳英善(1996)。華嚴無盡法界緣起論。臺北:華嚴蓮社。
19. 賴錫三(2011)。當代新道家─多音與視域融合。臺北:臺大出版中心。