銀髮太極健身操對長照機構內長者身心健康影響之研究

The Impact of Simplified Tai-Chi Exercises Program (STEP) Towards the Physical and Mental Health of Elders in Long-Term Care Facilities.

10.6132/JCM.2014.7.3.16

李焙偉(Pei-We Lee)；賴美嬌(Mei-Chiao Lai)

銀髮太極健身操 ； 長期照護機構 ； 身心健康 ； Simplified Tai-Chi Exercise Program (STEP) ； physical health ； psychological health ； long-term care facilities

商業現代化學刊

7卷3期（2014 / 03 / 01）

283 - 299

繁體中文

本研究將採用類實驗性（Quasi-experimental design）、前後測設計，選取台南市麻豆區居住於長期照護機構中，60歲以上之老人為對象，分為實驗組（接受每週三次，每次55分鐘之銀髮太極健身操，為期12週），及控制組（維持一般日常生活活動）。以生理測量及結構式問卷二種方式收集資料，檢視銀髮太極健身操（＂Simplified Tai-Chi Exercise Program＂ (STEP)）對機構內長者的身體及心理健康之影響成效。在身體健康測量變項方面，心肺功能藉由血壓、體脂肪及內臟脂肪測試測得，柔軟度藉由坐姿體前彎測得。在心理健康測量變項方面則是藉由台灣人憂鬱問卷測得個案之憂鬱狀態。研究結果發現介入銀髮太極健康操3個月的仁愛之家長者，舒張壓下降、柔軟度增加、體脂肪及內臟脂肪下降，收縮壓雖有上升但屬於邊際性高血壓；但在沒有健康操介入的長者在收縮壓、舒張壓，一樣有上升的趨勢、而柔軟度、體脂肪、內臟脂肪皆無下降。心理之憂鬱狀況分析結果實驗組平均憂鬱分數前測為11.49分降至7.75分，成對樣本T檢定結果有顯著性差異（T=6.594，P=0.000***），而控制組則沒有顯著性差異（T=1.569，P=0.130），表示銀髮太極健身操導入之後，對於機構長者之憂鬱程度有改善之功效。

The aim of the research is to explore the effects of ＂Simplified Tai-Chi Exercise Program＂ (STEP) on the physical and mental health of elders in long-term care facilities. This research took a quasi-experimental design and adopted a pre-post test to validate the effectiveness of STEP. Forty-eight elders aged 60 and above were sampled from Ren-Ai Senior Citizens Home. The participants were divided into two groups: the experimental group participated in STEP, while the control group did not. The physical health of the elders was measured by blood pressure, flexibility, body fat and visceral fat. ＂Taiwanese Depression Questionnaire＂ was used to measure the elders' mental health. It was found that after a three-month STEP intervention, the physical functions of the experimental group improved significantly, in terms of a decrease in blood pressure, body fat and visceral fat, as well as an increase in flexibility. However, there were no significant differences in the physical conditions of the control group. Likewise, while a significant decrease in the depression scale was found with the experimental group, their counterparts have not experienced significant changes in depression levels. Hence, STEP is effective in improving the physical and mental health of the elders in long-term care facilities.