親子關係品質檢測之發展：父母評量之實務應用

The development of a Parent-Child Relationship Quality Inventory: Practical application for parental assessment

曾秀雲(Hsiu-Yun Tseng)；林惠雅(Huey-Ya Lin)；蕭英玲(Ying-Ling Hsiao)；林詩淳(Shih-Chun Lin)

父母評量 ； 我們的親子關係品質檢測 ； 實務應用 ； 親子關係品質 ； 親子關係品質檢測 ； our parent-child relationship quality inventory (ORQI) ； parent-child relationship quality ； parent-child relationship quality inventory ； parent's assessment ； practical application

家庭教育與諮商學刊

25期（2022 / 12 / 01）

1 - 29

繁體中文;英文

本研究主要是編製實務應用的親子關係品質檢測，以「正向／負向」與「單向／雙向」之「情／權」親子關係內涵架構為依據，經過選取概念構面，進行概念化與操作化、以及專家效度檢驗，編製57題預試題項。而後，預試蒐集402位有效樣本，進行項目分析與主軸因子分析。結果發現父母知覺正向情感表達與雙向權力運用歸屬為同一構面，是為「關愛溝通」；負向情感表達分為「敵意無奈」與「拒絕疏離」；「單向權力」則自成一個構面。每個構面各挑選4個題項形成正式檢測。接著，以415位正式樣本進行分析，結果顯示潛在變項的組成信度與聚合效度達到建議標準，驗證本研究所建構的檢測「我們的親子關係品質檢測」，具有信度與效度，且提供良好適配度。最後，針對每一構面決定切點，區分5種親子關係品質類型為「很良好」、「頗不錯」、「有問題」、「有困擾」與「不佳」。整體而言，本檢測可提供父母本身和助人專業實務工作者，檢視親子關係品質，辨識不同構面出現的問題，改善親子關係品質。

The main purpose of this study is to develop a parent-child relationship quality inventory for practical application. In the first stage, the researchers adopted a framework involving "positive and negative affectional expressions and parental and shared power orientations", and determined the conceptual aspects of parent-child relationship quality on the basis of this framework. The researchers then processed the conceptualization and operationalization for these conceptual aspects, and developed a pre-test questionnaire. An expert validity test was administered. In the second stage, 402 valid pre-test questionnaires were collected for the item analysis and principal axis factoring analysis. Parental perceptions of positive affectional expressions and shared power orientation were merged into one dimension named "caring and communication." In addition, parental perceptions of negative affectional expressions were divided into two dimensions: "hostility and helplessness" and "refusal and alienation." "Parental power orientation" constituted its own aspect as a dimension. According to the above results, the researchers selected 4 items from each factor to compile the formal questionnaire. In the third stage, 415 valid final questionnaires were collected. The findings showed that the composite reliability and convergent validity met the recommended criteria, as well as verified that "our parent-child relationship quality inventory" (ORQI) was constructed with acceptable reliability and validity. Finally, the researchers determined the cutting point for each dimension, and 5 types of the quality of parent-child relationship were distinguished: "excellent parent-child relationship", "good parent-child relationship", "troublesome parent-child relationship", "distressed parent-child relationship" and "dysfunctional parent-child relationship". Overall, the ORQI can be used by parents to examine the quality of, and identify problems in different dimensions of, the parent-child relationship. The ORQI results provide reference for psychological counseling practitioners to understand the current parent-child relationship problems, and help them provide parents with corresponding resources and services in order to improve their parent-child relationship.

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