從絕望、信仰到奉獻：彰化慈德宮老四媽行善團的民族誌研究

From despair, belief to dedication: An ethnographic study of Changhua Ci-De temple old fourth Mazu charity group

10.29423/JSRR.202109_16(1).07

黃國忠(Kuo-Chung Huang)；江品俞(Ping-Yu Chiang)；張艾君(Ai-Chun Chang)

天上聖母老四媽 ； 宗教信仰 ； 民族誌研究 ； tianshang shengmu old fourth Mazu ； religious belief ； ethnographic

運動與遊憩研究

16卷1期（2021 / 09 / 01）

93 - 104

繁體中文

在宗教文化的發展及傳承之下，呈現的是人類生活經驗的累積以及與民生生活息息相關。而宗教體制之下衍分不同的支系方式呈現神明的職等及神權，在解惑迷津的同時更對信徒本身的心靈層面具有安撫人心的意涵。目前的文獻在探討神明與香客及信徒之間對信仰的寄託及如何運用不同的方式替香客或信徒指引方向文獻並不多見，而研究協助服務的神職人員的文獻則更為甚少。為了深掘其動機理念和當初是以何種方式成為神職人員做為探究動機，本研究透過位於「彰化慈德宮老四媽行善團」去探究神職人員的信仰是因何產生及為何願意持續無償去奉獻時間、人力去落實行善理念為動機。透過民族誌研究進行田野調查、深度訪談及文件資料收集滙整，發展四個命題並有以下結論：一、人生遭逢變故面臨無法預測的情境時，所產生的無助、徬徨與絕望，會因情緒支持而接受信仰的寄託。二、信仰在心靈層面會正向影響及鼓勵改變自我概念，進而轉化肯定自我及成就自我的價值。三、認同信仰的精神理念，自發性願意無償去執行及付出。四、能在奉獻的過程中感受到自我能力及回饋社會的感受幸福感。

The development and inheritance of religious culture is the accumulation of human life experience, which is closely related to people's livelihood. Under the religious system, different gods have dissimilar ranks and divine powers. When dispelling confusion with the help of gods, it can bring a soothing meaning to the spiritual level of believers or pilgrims through the key persons, the servicers who have the capability to execute certain religious rites. However, there is very little literature on servicers ordained for religious duties. To explore the motivations and experiences of the servicers, an attempt was therefore made to conduct in-depth interviews with Changhua Ci-De temple old fourth Mazu charity group. Four conclusions are given as follows. 1.When people suffer from unfortunate changes, they will accept religious beliefs because of emotional support. 2.Religious beliefs positively influence self-concept, thereby enhancing self-affirmation and self-achievement. 3.The servicers are pleased to serve believers or pilgrims spontaneously. 4.The servicers achieve higher level of well-being in the process of dedication.

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