中部淡水溪魚囊狀幼蟲之調查研究

Investigation study of the metacercaria of the freshwater fish in Central Taiwan

10.29423/JSRR.202306_17(4).07

王宏瑋(Hong-Wei Wang)；廖軒逵(Syuan-Kuei Liao)；李明憲(Ming-Hsien Li)

囊狀幼蟲 ； 盛行率 ； 顯微鏡檢 ； Metacercaria ； prevalence ； microscopic examination

運動與遊憩研究

17卷4期（2023 / 06 / 01）

76 - 82

繁體中文;英文

淡水溪流生態豐富，除了水生動植物之外，陸域生物也常棲息於淡水流域及其附近區域。囊狀幼蟲是一種淡水溪流中魚類常見的寄生蟲幼蟲，囊狀幼蟲常寄生於魚類的魚鰓、鱗片、魚鰭及魚內中，感染時造成魚體發育不良，嚴重時可能造成死亡。本研究在2022年3月至2023年2月期間進行中部地區主要淡水溪流，包括大里溪、大坑溪和東汴坑溪三個主要河川收集淡水溪魚，淡水魚類三種共85隻，包括馬口魚55隻、石9隻、蝦虎9隻、朱文錦及吳郭魚各4隻、大肚魚2隻、粗首馬口鱲及短吻小鰾鮈各1隻。分別進行淡水魚類囊狀幼蟲的感染調查，直接以顯微鏡觀察魚鰓、魚鰭、鱗片以及經人工消化液處理過的魚肉沉澱物，並記錄囊狀幼蟲感染的盛行率。結果顯示三條溪中囊狀幼蟲盛行率最高的為大坑溪91.6%，其次為大里溪75.0%及東汴坑溪47.1%。淡水魚種中以臺灣馬口魚囊狀幼蟲的盛行率為81.8%最高，石賓及蝦虎的盛行率皆為55.6%。因粗首馬口鱲及短吻小鰾鮈只有1隻不列入感染比例。此研究結果可以作為日後相關寄生蟲研究的重要參考。

The freshwater streams are rich in ecological diversity. In addition to aquatic plants and animals, terrestrial organisms also often inhabit the freshwater basin and its surrounding areas. Metacercaria are a common type of parasitic larvae found in freshwater streams that infect fish gills, scales, fins, and internal organs, causing stunted growth and potentially leading to death. This study was conducted from March 2022 to February 2023 in three major freshwater streams in central Taiwan, including the Dali River, Dakeng River, and Dongbiankeng River. A total of 85 freshwater fish specimens were collected, including 55 Candidia barbata, 9 Acrossocheilus paradoxus, 9 Rhinogobius candidianus, 4 Carassius auratus, 2 Gambusia affinis, 4 Oreochromis niloticus, 1 Opsariichthys pachycephalus, 1 Microphysogobio brevirostris. The prevalence of metacercaria infection in these fish was investigated by directly observing the gills, fins, scales, and artificially digested fish muscle sediments under a light microscope and recording the prevalence of metacercaria infection. The results showed that the prevalence of metacercaria infection in the three streams was highest in the Dakeng River at 91.6%, followed by the Dali River at 75.0% and the Dongbiankeng River at 47.1%. Among the freshwater fish species, Candidia barbata had the highest prevalence at 81.8%, while Acrossocheilus paradoxus and Rhinogobius candidianus had a prevalence of 51.6% each. Because there is only 1 Opsariichthys pachycephalus and Microphysogobio brevirostris, it is not included in the infection rate. These research findings can serve as important references for future studies on related parasitic organisms.

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