元代陳繹曾「用事」修辭研究

Rhetoric Figures Employed in Yongshi by Ming Dynasty Writer Chen Yizeng

王幼華(Wang YouHua)

陳繹曾 ； 修辭 ； 用事 ； 《文說》 ； 《文筌》 ； Chen Yizeng ； rhetoric figure ； yongshi ； Wenshuo ； Wenquan

臺北大學中文學報

21期（2017 / 03 / 01）

31 - 52

繁體中文

本文討論元代文論纂述者陳繹曾，在《文說》、《文筌》兩書中對「用事」修辭的分類及定義。較早寫出的《文說》將之分為九種，晚出的《文筌》分為十三種，這些論述有其傳承和創新，在文章作法上具有很重要的地位。本文細究《文說》、《文筌》兩書對「用事」修辭的定義，以引用古事以證題發意為主脈，討論其異同。明代曾鼎《文式》，杜浚《杜氏文譜》，高琦《文章一貫》有關「用事」的修辭，皆襲用其說。另日本林九兵衛的《文林良材》中亦收錄有十四種，其內容絕大部分源出於陳繹曾之作。本文整理受其影響的四家說法，比較其增刪，誤寫之處。

In this study, we categorized the rhetoric figures employed by the Yuan Dynasty literature compiler and narrator Chen Yizeng for ＂yongshi＂ (subject matters) detailed in his books Wenshuo (Narration from Writing) and Wenquan (Guidelines to Writing). Wenshuo, which was written before Wenquan, divided rhetoric figures used for yongshi into nine categories, whereas Wenquan divided them into 13 categories. These rhetoric figures, inherited from the past and subsequently innovated, served a crucial role in the history of Chinese writing. In this study, we carefully investigated the rhetoric figures employed for yongshi from the two aforementioned books as well as the similarities and differences between these figures. The rhetoric figures adopted for yongshi in the Ming Dynasty books Wenshi (Formulas for Writing by Zeng Ding), Dushiwenpu (Writing Guidelines by the Du Family, by Du Jun), and Wenzhangyiguan (Article Consistency by Gao Qi) were derived from the works of Chen Yizeng. In addition, Wenlinliangcai (Good Materials for Writing, written by Japanese author Hayashi Kuhē), classified the rhetoric figures into 14 categories, the content of which also mostly came from the books written by Chen Yizeng. This study thus compiled the rhetoric figures used by the four authors and identified rhetoric figures that were introduced, deleted, and miswritten.

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