不同層級手球選手壓力知覺、心理堅韌性與運動倦怠之研究

The differences of stress perception, mental toughness, and athletic burnout among handball players of different age levels

張簡坤明(Kun-Ming Chang Chien)

壓力知覺 ； 心理堅韌性 ； 運動倦怠 ； stress perception ； mental toughness ； athletic burnout

海峽兩岸體育研究學報

13卷1期（2020 / 09 / 30）

1 - 20

繁體中文

本研究旨在探討三個不同層級（大學、高中與國中）男子手球選手壓力知覺、心理堅韌性與運動倦怠之差異；並進一步探究壓力知覺與心理堅韌性對運動倦怠之預測情形。以286位男子手球選手（大學109、高中131與國中46）為對象進行調查研究，採用壓力知覺、心理堅韌性與運動倦怠等三個量表為工具，經採描述性統計、單因子變異數分析、單因子多變量變異數分析及多元逐步迴歸分析等統計方法處理，顯著水準訂為α=.05。研究結果發現：1.大學與高中手球選手的壓力知覺顯著高於國中手球選手。2.大學手球選手心理堅韌性的抗壓性顯著高於國中選手。3.高中手球選手運動倦怠的情緒與身體耗竭顯著高於大學與國中選手。4.壓力知覺能正向預測運動倦怠的「情緒與身體耗竭」構面。5.心理堅韌性的「忍受傷痛」構面能負向預測「情緒與身體耗竭」與「對運動貶價」兩個運動倦怠構面。6.心理堅韌性的「積極奮鬥」構面能負向預測「對運動貶價」與「降低成就感」兩個運動倦怠構面。最後根據研究結果，提供他校手球隊訓練之參考，亦對後續研究者提出建議。

This study is aimed to investigate the differences of stress perception, mental toughness, and athletic burnout among handball players of three age levels (college, senior high, and junior high); it also goes further to explore the prediction on athletic burnout through the players' stress perception and mental toughness. The participants were 286 male handball players (109 players in college, 131 in senior high, and 46 in junior high.) Three scales about stress perception, mental toughness, and athletic burnout were used to collect data. These data were later analyzed statistically with descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, one-way MANOVA, multiple stepwise regression analysis, etc. Level of significance was α=.05. The research findings are as follows: 1. Handball players in college and senior high showed significantly higher scores in the＂stress resistance＂ aspect in mental toughness than those in junior high. 2. Handball players in college showed significantly higher scores in the stress resistance aspect in mental toughness than those in junior high. 3. Handball players in senior high scored significantly higher in the ＂emotional-physical exhaustion＂ aspect in athletic burnout than those in college and junior high. 4. Stress perception can positively predict the ＂emotional-physical exhaustion＂ aspect in athletic burnout. 5. The ＂injury tolerance＂ aspect in mental toughness can negatively predict the ＂emotional-physical exhaustion＂ and the ＂depreciation against sports＂ aspects in athletic burnout. 6. The ＂active fighting＂ aspect in mental toughness can negatively predict the ＂depreciation against sports＂ and ＂lower sense of accomplishment＂ aspects in athletic burnout. The research findings can be used as reference for handball team training in other schools, and suggestions are also made for further studies.

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