辱罵式管理對外勞組織公民行爲的影響－從社會交換觀點探討領導者－部屬交換關係的中介效果

The Influence of Abusive Supervision on Foreign Labors' Organizational Citizenship Behaviors-The Social Exchange Theory Perspective on Leader-Member Exchange Relationship's Mediating Effect

10.29916/JMPP.200712.0011

陳儀蓉(Yi-Jung Chen)；余明助(Ming-Chu Yu)；王志聖(Chih-Shen Wang)

主管－部屬交換關係 ； 辱罵式管理 ； 組織公民行爲 ； 外籍勞工 ； leader-member exchange relationship ； abusive supervision ； organizational citizenship behavior ； foreign labor

管理實務與理論研究

1卷4期（2007 / 12 / 01）

186 - 203

繁體中文

由於本國籍主管與外籍勞工在語言文化、風俗民情上的不同，故容易產生管理上的誤解與衝突，進而增加主管對於外籍勞工進行辱罵式管理的可能性。過去研究指出主管的此種辱罵式管理，可能造成員工角色衝突與心理痛苦，因此，本研究主要的目的在於驗證台籍幹部的辱罵式管理，主管－部屬交換關係與外籍勞工組織公民行爲上有何關聯性？ 資料蒐集採取滾雪球抽樣法，加上問卷以不記名且主管與部屬之配對方式來進行。主管負責評量他和部屬之交換關係與部屬之組織公民行爲，而由部屬評量主管進行辱罵式管理的程度。 根據238份有效樣本，研究結果發現主管實施辱罵式管理對於主管－部屬交換關係，以及外籍勞工之組織公民行爲皆有顯著的負向影響；且主管－部屬交換關係在降低辱罵式管理對外籍勞工組織公民行爲的影響力上，具有顯著的中介效果。 研究結果不但能增加辱罵式管理研究的實徵證據，並提供了外籍勞工管理政策上一些重要的建議。

Owing to the difference of language, culture and custom which might cause misunderstandings and conflicts, the possibility for native supervisors to have ”abusive supervision” on foreign labors then increase. Previous studies have suggested that the abusive supervision may results in the role conflict and psychological pain, hence, the main purpose of this research is to investigate what relationships exist between supervisors' abusive supervision, supervisors' abusive supervision and foreign labors' OCB. Based on the ”snowball sampling” method, data were collected from confidentially dyadic questionnaires administered separately to supervisors and subordinates. Each supervisor evaluated the exchange relationship and organizational citizenship behavior scales for his/her immediate subordinates, meanwhile each subordinate completed the questionnaire with the scale of abusive supervision for his/her immediate supervisors. The results of a total valid sample size of 238 questionnaires showed that abusive supervision had significantly negative influence both on supervisor-subordinate exchange relationship and foreign labors' organizational citizenship behaviors, moreover, leader-member exchange relationship did have a significant mediating effect on decreasing the negative influence of supervisors' abusive supervision on foreign labors' organizational citizenship behaviors. Findings from this research will not only enrich the existing empirical evidence for studies of abusive supervision, but also provide important implications for practitioners dealing with policies of foreign labor.

1. 諸承明(1998)。績效評核系統內涵及其效益之研究－期望／實際差距分析模式。臺大管理論叢，9(1)，113-151。
   連結：
2. 行政院勞委會網站
3. Ashforth, B.(1994).Petty tyranny in organizations.Human Relations,47(7),755-778.
4. Ashforth, B.(1997).Petty tyranny in organizations: A preliminary examination of antecedents and consequences.Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences,14,126-140.
5. Bies, R. J.(2000).Interactional (in) justice: The sacred and the profane. Advances in Organizational behavior.CA:Stanford University Press.
6. Bies, R. J.,Tripp, T. M.,R. M. Kramer (Eds.),T. Tyler (Eds.)(1996).Trust in organizations.Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage.
7. Blau, P. M.(1964).Exchange And Power in Social Life.New York:Wiley.
8. Borman, W. C.,Motowidlo, S. J.(1997).Organizational citizenship behavior.Human Performance,10,67-192.
9. Coleman, V. I.,Borman, W. C.(2000).Investigating the underlying structure of the citizenship performance domain.Human Resource Management Review,10,25-44.
10. Dansereau, F., JR.,Graen, G.,Haga, W. J.(1975).A vertical dyad linkage approach to leadership within formal organizations-A longitudinal investigation of the role making process.Organizational Behavior and Human Performance,13,46-78.
11. Deluga, R. J.(1994).Supervision trust building, leader-member exchange and organizational citizenship behavior.Journal of Occupational & Organizational Psychology,67(4),315-328.
12. Deluga, R. J.(1998).Leader-member exchange quality and effectiveness ratings: The role of subordinate-supervisor conscientiousness similarity.Group & Organization Management,23(2),189-216.
13. Duffy, M. K.,Ganster, D. C.,Pagon, M.(2002).Social undermining in the workplace.Academy of Management Journal,45(2),331-351.
14. Eastman, K. K.(1994).In the eyes of the beholder: An attributional approach to ingratiation and organizational citizenship behavior.Academy of Management Journal,37,1379-1391.
15. Emerson, R. M.,J. Berger (Eds),M. Zelditch (Eds),B. Anderson (Eds)(1972).Sociological Theories in Progress Boston.MA:Houghton-Mifflin.
16. Fandt, P. M.,Ferris, G. R.(1990).The management of information and impressions: When employees behave opportunistically.Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,45,140-158.
17. Farh, J. L.,Zhong, C. B.,Organ, D. W.(2002).Organizational citizenship behavior in the People's Republic of China, Unpublished paper.
18. Ferris, G. R.,Judge, T. A.,Rowland, K. M.,Fitzgibbons, D. E.(1994).Subordinate influence and the performance evaluation process: test of a model.Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,58,101-135.
19. Graen, G. B.,Cashman, J.,J. G. Hunt (Eds.),L. L. Larson (Eds.)(1975).Leadership Frontiers.Kent, OH:Kent State University Press.
20. Graen, G. B.,Scandura, T. A.,L. L. Cummings (Eds.),B. Staw (Eds.)(1987).Research in organizational behavior.Greenwich, CT:JAI Press.
21. Graen, G.,M. D. Dunnette (Ed.)(1976).Handbook of dustrial and Organizational Psychology.Chicago:Rand McNally.
22. Hackett, R. D.,Lapierre, L. M.(2004).A Meta-analytical explanation of the relationship between LMX and OCB.Academy of Management Best Conference
23. Hoel, H.,Rayner, C.,Copper, C. (Eds.),L. Robinson (Eds.)(1999).Workplace bullying.International review of industrial and organizational psychology,14,195-229.
24. Hofmann, D. A.,Morgeson, F. P.,Gerras, S. J.(2003).Climate as a Moderator of the Relationship Between Leader-Member Exchange and Content Specific Citizenship: Safety Climate as an Exemplar.Journal of Applied Psychology,88(1),170-178.
25. Homans, G. C.(1961).Social Behavior: Its Elementary Forms.New York:Harcourt, and Brace.
26. Homans, G.. C.(1958).Social Behavior as Exchange.The American Journal of Sociology,63,597-606.
27. Hui, C.,Law, K. S.,Chen, Z. X.(1999).A structural equation model of the effects of negative affectivity, leader-member exchange, and perceived job mobility on in-role and extra-role performance: A Chinese case.Organizational Behavior & Human Decision Processes,77(1),3-21.
28. Jezl, D. R.,Molidor, C. E.,Wright, T. L.(1996).Physical, sexual, and psychological abuse in high school dating relationships: Prevalence rates and self-esteem issues.Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal,13(1),69-87.
29. Jones, E. E.,Stires, L. K.,Shaver, K. G.,Harris, V. A.(1968).The evaluation of an ingratiatory target persons and bystanders.Journal of Personality,36,349-385.
30. Keashly L.,Trott V.,MacLean, L. M.(1994).Abusive behavior in the workplace: A preliminary investigation.Violence and Victims,9(4),341-357.
31. Keashly, L.(1998).Emotional abuse in the workplace: Conceptual and empirical issues.Journal of Emotional Abuse,1,85-117.
32. Kent, A.(2001).Perceived transformational leadership, organizational commitment, and citizenship behavior: a case study in intercollegiate athletics.Journal of sport management,15(2),135-159.
33. Liden, R. C.,Maslyn, J. M.(1998).Multidimensionality of Leader-Member Exchange: An Empirical Assessment through Scale Development.Journal of Management,24(1),43-72.
34. McNeely, B. L.,Meglino, B. M.(1994).The role of dispositional and situational antecedents in prosocial organizational behavior: An examination of the intended beneficiaries of prosocial behavior.Journal of Applied Psychology,79,836-844.
35. Niehoff, B. P.,Moorman, R. H.(1993).Justice as a mediator of the relationship between methods of monitoring and organization citizenship behavior.Academy of Management Journal,36(3),527-556.
36. Organ, D. W.(1988).Organizational citizenship behavior: The Good Soldier Syndrome.MA:Lexington, Books.
37. Organ, D. W.(1983).Job satisfaction and the good soldier: The relationship between affect and employee "Citizenship".Academy of Management Journal,26,587-595.
38. Organ, D. W.,B. M. Staw (Eds.),L. L. Cummings (Eds.)(1990).Research in organizational behavior.Greenwich, CT:JAI Press.
39. Organ, D. W.,Ryan, K.(1995).A meta-analytic review of attitudinal and dispositional predictors of organizational citizenship behavior.Personnel Psychology,48,775-802.
40. Podsakoff, P. M.,Mackenzie, S. B.,Moorman, R. H.,Fetter, R.(1990).Transformational leader behaviors and their effects of followers' trust in leader, satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behaviors.Leadership Quarterly,1,107-142.
41. Podsakoff, P. M.,Mackenzie, S. B.,Paine, J. B.,Bachrach, D. G.(2000).Organizational citizenship behaviors: A critical review of the theoretical and empirical literature and suggestions for future research.Journal of Management,26,513-563.
42. Rayner, C.,Hoel, H.(1997).A summary review of literature relating to workplace bullying.Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology,7,181-191.
43. Scandura, T. A.,Graen, G. B.(1984).Moderating effects of initial leader-member exchange status on the effects of a leadership intervention.Journal of Applied Psychology,69,418-436.
44. Setton, R. P.,Bennett, N.,Liden, R. C.(1996).Social exchange in organizations: Perceived organizational support. Leader-member exchange, and employee reciprocity.Journal of Applied Psychology,81(3),219-227.
45. Shepard, M.,Campbell, J.(1992).The abusive behavior inventory: A measure of psychological and physical abuse.Journal of Interpersonal Violence,7(3),291-305.
46. Smith, C. A.,Organ, D. W.,Near, J. P.(1983).Organizational citizenship behavior: Its nature and antecedents.Journal of Applied Psychology,68,653-663.
47. Tepper, B. J.(2000).Consequences of abusive supervision.Academy of Management Journal,43,178-190.
48. Tepper, B. J.,Duffy, M. K.,Hoobler, J.,Ensley, M. D.(2004).Moderators of the Relationships Between Coworkers' Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Fellow Employees' Attitudes.Journal of Applied Psychology,89(3),455-465.
49. Tepper, B. J.,Duffy, M. K.,Shaw, J. D.(2001).Personality moderators of the relationship between abusive supervision and subordinate's resistance.Journal of Applied Psychology,86(5),974-983.
50. Thibaut, J. W.,Kelly, H.(1959).The Social Psychology of Groups.New York:Wiley.
51. Townsend, J.,Phillips, J. S.,Elkins, T. J.(2000).Employee retaliation: The neglected consequence of poor leader-member exchange relations.Journal of Occupational Health Psychology,5(4),457-463.
52. Valle, M.(2005).A preliminary model of abusive behavior in organizations.Southern Business Review,30(2),27-35.
53. Van Dyne, L.,Cummings, L. L. (Eds.),McLean, P. J.,B. M. Staw (Eds.)(1995).Research in organizational behavior.Greenwich, CT:JAI Press Inc.
54. Vandenberg, R. J.,Lance, C. E.,Taylor, S. C.,D. L. Turnipseed (Ed.)(2005).Handbook of organizational citizenship behavior: A review of "good soldier" activity in organizations.New York:Nova Science.
55. Walker, L.(1979).The battered woman.New York:Harper & Row.
56. Wayne, S. J.,Green, S. A.(1993).The effects of leader member exchange on employee citizenship and impression management behavior.Human Relations,46(12),1431-1440.
57. Wayne, S. J.,Kacmar, K. M.,Ferris, G. R.(1995).Coworker responses to other's Ingratiation attempts.Journal of Managerial Issues,7(3),277-289.
58. Williams, L. J.,Anderson, S. E.(1991).Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in-role behaviors.Journal of Management,17,601-617.
59. Wolfe, D. A.(1987).Child abuse: Implications for child development and psychologpathology.Beverly Hills, CA:Sage.
60. Zellars, K. L.,Tepper, B. J.,Duffy, M. K.(2002).Abusive Supervision and Subordinates' Organizational Citizenship Behavior.Journal of Applied Psychology,87(6),1068-1076.
61. 余明助(1995)。高雄，國立中山大學企業管理研究所。
62. 李元墩、張仁杰(2001)。LMX與組織行爲變項相關之研究。第三屆亞太管理學術研討會
63. 林淑姬(1992)。臺北，國立政治大學企業管理研究所。
64. 林鉦棽(1996)。組織公正、信任、組織公民行爲之研究：社會交換交換理論之觀點。管理科學學報，13，391-416。
65. 邱皓政(2004)。量化研究與統計分析。臺北:五南出版社。
66. 施義安(2003)。彰化，大葉大學工業關係學系。
67. 徐培松(2004)。彰化，大葉大學國際企業管理學系。
68. 許博淵(2005)。臺南，國立成功大學高階管理碩士在職專班。
69. 許道然(2002)。組織公民行爲之研究。空大行政學報，12，113-145。
70. 黃家齊(2002)。組織公正與組織公民行爲－認知型與情感型信任的中介效果。臺大管理論叢，12(2)，107-141。
71. 樊景立(1995)。我對差距格局與華人組織行爲的一些看法。本土心理學研究，3，239-237。
72. 諸承明(2000)。親信關係與員工績效評估之關聯性研究－從差序格局探討主管對部的評估偏差。管理評論，19(3)，125-147。
73. 譚華德(2003)。臺北，國立政治大學勞工研究所。

1. 郭嘉博、林豪傑、余明助、王議賢(2015)。影響部屬知覺不當督導的原因：心理契約違背觀點。人力資源管理學報，15(2)，25-45。
2. 張騰睿,林月雲(2023)。不當督導整合型架構：台灣文獻分析。科技與人力教育季刊，9卷3、4，65-91。