建立資料庫探討降低備置成本對供應鏈總成本之影響

Building Database to Discuss the Effects of Setup Cost Reduction on the Total Cost in Supply Chain

10.29916/JMPP.201612_10(4).0001

黃上晏(Shan-Yan Huang)；池福灶(Fu-Chiao Chyr)；林淑瑜(Shu-Yu Lin)；盧瑞琴(Jui-Chin Lu)

供應鏈 ； 備置成本 ； 遞迴演算 ； 資料庫 ； supply chain ； setup cost ； recursive algorithm ； database

管理實務與理論研究

10卷4期（2016 / 12 / 01）

1 - 20

繁體中文

經濟批量模型探討決定採購或生產批量以獲得最低總成本，並顯示總成本變化。對於m 供應階段及t 計畫期的全球供應鏈經濟批量模式而言，共有2^((t-1)m) 個可行解。一般文獻採啟發式解(heuristic approach)探討最低總成本演算法，較少探討備置成本、備置次數、經濟批量與總成本間之關聯，更未論及降低備置成本對總成本之影響。本研究透過利用遞迴特性的演算法與資料庫，以較少電腦主記憶體空間之直接需求，求解任何階段及計畫期全部可行解的最低總成本。運用電腦模擬追蹤總成本變化，探討備置成本降低對總成本之影響。結果顯示，降低備置成本明顯有助於降低供應鏈總成本與縮小各供應階段之經濟批量。

The economic lot-sizing model obtains the minimum total cost and tracks the variation of total cost. There are 2^((t-1) m) feasible solutions of lot-sizing problem in a t-period and m-stage global supply chain system. The heuristic approaches are applied to discuss global supply chain. The relations between setup costs, setup times, lot size and total costs are rarely discussed in the past literatures. This study discusses the effects of setup cost reduction on total costs in global supply chain. The approach of computer simulation is applied to track the above problem. This study establishes the recursive algorithm and database to compute all feasible solutions with a lower computer memory. Using computer simulation to track the variation of total cost and discuss the effects of reducing setup cost on total cost. The results show setup cost reduction can obviously decrease total cost and economic lot-size.

1. Harris, F. W. (1915). Operations and Cost Factory Management Series, Chicago, A. W. Shaw Company
2. Blackburn, J. D.,Millen, R. A.(1982).Improved Heuristics for Multi-stage Requirements Planning Systems.Management Science,28,44-56.
3. Bookbinder, J. H.,Koch, L. A.(1990).Production Planning for Mixed Assembly/ Arborescent Systems.Journal of Operations Management,9,7-23.
4. Chang, D. S.,Chyr, F. C.,Yang, F. C.(2010).Determining the Adaptive Decision Zone of Discrete Lot Sizing Model with Changes of Total Cost.Expert Systems with Applications,37(10),6753-6763.
5. Chyr, F. C.(1996).The Effects of Varying Setup Costs.International Journal of Operations & Production Management,16(3),87-96.
6. Chyr, F. C.(1990).A New Approach to the Dynamic Lot Size Model.International Journal of Engineering Costs and Production Economic,20,255-263.
7. Chyr, F. C.(1999).A Dynamic Lot-sizing Model with Quantity Discount.Production Planning and Control,10(1),67-75.
8. Coleman, B. J.,Saydam, C.,Mcknew, M. A.(1991).An Efficient Zero-one Formullation of the Multilevel Lot-sizing Problem.Decision Science,22,208-295.
9. Crowston, W. B.,Wagner, H. M.(1973).Dynamic Lot Size Models for Multi-stage Assembly Systems.Management Science,20,14-21.
10. Dellaert, N.,Jeunet, J.(2000).Solving Large Unconstrained Multilevel Lot-sizing Problems Using a Hybrid Genetic Algorithm.Int. J. Prod. Res.,38(5),1083-1099.
11. Fakhrzad, M. B.,Khademi, Z. H.(2009).Combination of Genetic Algorithm with Lagrange Multipliers for Lot-size Determination in Multi-stage Production Scheduling Problems.Expert Systems with Applications,36(6),10180-10187.
12. Fordyce, J. M.,Webster, F. M.(1984).The Wagner-Whitin Algorithm Made Simple.Production and Inventory Management,25(2),21-30.
13. Hall, J.(1991).Distribution Function is Now, Supply Chain Integrator.Industrial engineering,5,18-19.
14. Hicks, D. A.(1996).Enterprise Solutions: Back on the supply chain.IIE Solutions,28(1),25-28.
15. Pakath, R.,Zaveri, J. S.(1995).Specifying Critical Inputs in a Genetic Algorithmdriven Decision Support System: An Automated Facility.Decision Sciences,26,749-779.
16. Steinberg, E.,Napier, H. A.(1980).Optional Multilevel Lot Sizing for Requirements Planning Systems.Management Science,26,1258-1271.
17. Verwijmeren, M.(1996).Material Supply Chain Management.International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management,26(6),16-31.
18. Wagner, H. M.,Whitin, T. M.(1958).Dynamic Version of the Economic Lot Size Model.Management Science,5(1),89-96.
19. Yelle, L. E.(1979).Material Requirements Lot Sizing: A Multilevel Approach.International Journal of Production Research,17,223-232.
20. Zangwill, W. I.(1968).Minimum Concave Cost Flows in Certain Networks.Management Science,14,429-450.
21. Zangwill, W. I.(1969).A Backlogging Model and a Multi-echelon Model of a Dynamic Lot Size Production System: A Network Approach.Management Science,15,506-527.