以計畫行為理論分析五十歲至七十四民眾對大腸癌篩檢之意圖

Applying Planned Behavior Theory to Analyze People Aged 50 to 74's Intentions for Colorectal Cancer Screening

10.29916/JMPP.202312_17(3).0007

劉育婷(Yu-Ting Liu)；張炳華(Bin-Wha Chang)；張振傑(Chen-Chieh Chang)；馮兆康(Chao-Kang Feng)

大腸癌篩檢 ； 計畫行為理論 ； 意圖 ； colorectal cancer screening ； planned behavior theory ； intention

管理實務與理論研究

17卷3期（2023 / 12 / 01）

95 - 104

繁體中文;英文

目的：衛生福利部國民健康署於2010年開始對臺灣50-74歲民眾提供每兩年一次公費大腸癌篩檢，故本研究以計畫行為理論分析此年齡層對大腸癌篩檢之意圖之相關因素。方法：本研究採橫斷性調查法，本研究調查對象為符合中華民國年滿50至74歲臺灣地區民眾，可免費執行每兩年一次免疫法糞便潛血檢查者；本研究收集資料採用網路問卷調查與在醫院發放紙本問卷調查兩種方式進行。結果：研究收案數共827人，含網路問卷700份、紙本問卷127份，量表及構面間內部一致性信度Cronbach alpha介於0.908～0.956，高達55.7%受訪者沒有定期接受大腸癌篩檢；計畫行為理論各構面在滿分5分下，態度、主觀規範、知覺行為控制、行為意圖之平均得分為4.79、4.75、4.67及4.56；雙變項分析顯示，大腸癌篩檢態度、主觀規範、知覺控制、行為意圖之程度四者間彼此呈正相關。經由複迴歸分析顯示（R^2=0.746），計畫行為理論以知覺行為控制為最具影響性，其他依次主觀規範，態度則影響不顯著。結論：本研究證實以計畫行為理論預測大腸癌篩檢之意圖與主觀規範、知覺行為控制都有顯著相關性，故建議相關單位在衛生教育加強宣傳以提升民眾大腸癌篩檢之主觀規範，並提升民眾大腸癌篩檢知覺行為控制之誘因。

Purpose: The National Health Service of the Ministry of Health and Welfare began to provide publicly funded colorectal cancer screening every two years to people aged 50-74 in Taiwan in 2010. Therefore, this study used planned behavior theory to analyze the factors related to the intention of colorectal cancer screening in this age group. Methods: This study adopts a cross-sectional survey method. The subjects of this study are people in Taiwan who are between 50-74 years old in Taiwan and who can undergo free fecal occult blood test with immune method every two years. This study collected data using two methods: online questionnaire and paper questionnaire distributed in the hospital. Results: A total of 827 samples were in the study, including 700 online questionnaires and 127 paper questionnaires. The internal consistency reliability of the scale Cronbach alpha ranged from 0.908 to 0.956, with up to 55.7% do not receive regular colorectal cancer screening; out of 5 points for each aspect of planned behavior theory, the average scores of attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and intention were 4.79, 4.75, 4.67, and 4.56. Bivariate analysis showed that colorectal cancer screening attitude, subjective norms, perceived control, and behavioral intention were positively correlated with each other. Multiple regression analysis showed (R^2=0.746) that the theory of planned behavior has the most influence on perceived behavioral control, followed by subjective norms, and attitude has no significant influence. Conclusion: This study confirms that the intention of colorectal cancer screening predicted by the theory of planned behavior is significantly related to subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. Therefore, it is recommended that relevant units strengthen publicity in health education to enhance the subjective norms of colorectal cancer screening and Incentives to improve people's awareness and behavioral control of colorectal cancer screening.

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