日本最早類書《秘府略》的編纂及其背景：通過對文人滋野貞主的考察

The editing and the backgrounds of the first Japanese Leishu, ＂Hifuryaku＂through a literary school, Shigeno no Sadanushi

水口幹記(Mizuguchi Motoki)；張麗山(Zhang Li-shan)

類書 ； 《秘府略》 ； 嵯峨天皇 ； 滋野貞主 ； 文章經國 ； Leishu ； Hifuryaku ； Shigeno no Sadanushi ； Emperor Saga ； Bunshoukeikoku

中正漢學研究

30期（2017 / 12 / 01）

105 - 124

繁體中文

在日本平安初期的淳和朝代，編纂了命名為《秘府略》的類書。該書本為一千卷本的龐大之作，但遺憾的是現在幾乎散失殆盡，只剩下两卷。本文主要焦聚於日本最早的類書《秘府略》，論及其編纂情況及其之所以能成書的平安初期的文化情況。本文所採用的方法，是以當時的文人滋野貞主為媒介來進行考察。最後，筆者指出，編纂《秘府略》的目的在於彰顯當時成為上皇而具有巨大權力的嵯峨，是為確認淳和自身的正統性，而且，將《秘府略》比擬為《皇覽》，意味著將其編纂者嵯峨比擬於文帝，通過將嵯峨比擬於文帝，達到嵯峨所期待的「文章經國」。

In the period of Emperor Junna 淳和during early Heian era, a Leishu 類書 (＂classified books＂) named ＂Hifuryaku 秘府略＂ was edited (booked at AD. 831). The enormous work was made of 1,000 volumes to be completed; nevertheless, most of them had been scattered and lost. There are just two volumes remaining. This present paper focuses on ＂Hifuryaku＂ that is the foremost Japanese Leishu, then illustrates the conditions for editing, and refers to the culture of early Heian era, which enabled such work to be edited. As a method to elaborate the arguments above, I will look into the works of Shigeno no Sadanushi 滋野貞主 who was a literary school at that time as a medium. The present paper will be concluded by pointing out that the purpose of editing ＂Hifuryaku＂ was to honor retired-Emperor Saga 嵯峨who had undeniable power in those days and to confirm the legitimacy of Emperor Junna. In addition, it discusses the completion of ＂Bunshoukeikoku 文章經國＂ that Saga intended by comparing ＂Hifuryaku＂ to ＂Huanglan 皇覽＂, which could be equivalent of Saga to Emperor Wen 文帝 comparison.