正念在促進心理健康上的運用與機制

The Application and Mechanism of Mindfulness for Mental Health Promotion

竇金城(Chin-Cheng Tou)

正念 ； 正念減壓課程 ； 正念認知治療 ； 接受與承諾治療 ； 辯證行為治療 ； 再覺知 ； 心理彈性

輔導季刊

52卷3期（2016 / 09 / 01）

60 - 71

繁體中文

一個所謂的「第三波」行為與認知治療在近年來出現，它結合了來自認知行為傳統的技術以及接受與「正念」的使用。傳統的認知行為治療（CBT），在處理想法上是經由將目標放在駁斥、改變以及重新架構它們的內容，然而這新的治療採取了不同的取向，焦點在放在人與他們的想法與感覺的關係上（Hayes, Follette, & Linehan, 2004）。藉由正念可以達到正向的改變、苦惱的止息或心理彈性的增進，促進了心理的健康與福祉。本文首先說明正念的定義；次則提出正念在心理治療上的運用，主要為「正念減壓課程」（MBSR）、「正念認知治療」（MBCT）、「接受與承諾治療」（ACT）及「辯證行為治療」（DBT）等四個層面；再則提出正念在促進心理健康上的機制，主要為「再覺知」及「心理彈性」等二個面向；最後提出結論，以提供教育相關單位與輔導人員之參考。

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