以Freud的觀點探討生涯優柔寡斷之議題

Explore the Issues in Career Indecisiveness from the Freud's Perspectives

李宗諭(Tsung-Yu Li)

精神分析 ； 生涯優柔寡斷 ； 自戀 ； 佛洛依德

輔導季刊

57卷3期（2021 / 09 / 01）

37 - 48

繁體中文

本文主要以精神分析學派S. Freud的觀點探討生涯優柔寡斷。生涯優柔寡斷涉及深層的情緒與人格因素，本文以理論論述的方式，依Freud的相關論點對生涯優柔寡斷之議題進行詮釋。第一大段先整理生涯優柔寡斷的相關研究，瞭解其情緒、人格特質及諮商處遇的特色。生涯優柔寡斷者的情緒覺察與調節能力較不佳，性格特質較為焦慮，自尊較低，且自我身分較不明確，通常需要更長期的諮商處遇。第二大段前半部分則以Freud之相關論點來詮釋當事人生涯優柔寡斷的特徵，包含以內在客體失落觀點來討論負面自責的認知情緒傾向，以結構模式觀點來思考其焦慮感受，以敘事性自體觀點來談自我身分之不明確。第二大段後半部分，進一步以Freud的自戀動機論點出發，以自戀能量之灌注與調節的角度，從自戀本能、理想自我、自戀與自尊、認同機制等面向切入，探討生涯優柔寡斷的動機因素。文末段則提出對諮商實務的啟發：增進當事人的焦慮忍受度、同理當事人的空虛挫敗感受、增進其對生涯行動阻抗的覺察、探索認同與主體性的衝突。

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