以女性主義觀點探討案主自殺後專業者遺族之哀悼、覺醒與賦權

Discuss the Mourning, Awakening and Empowerment of the Clinician Survivor after the Client's Suicide from the Perspective of Feminism

李亭萱(Ting-Hsuan Lee)

女性主義 ； 自殺 ； 自殺者遺族 ； 覺醒 ； 賦權

輔導季刊

58卷1期（2022 / 03 / 01）

69 - 82

繁體中文

助人工作者有很高的機率遭遇正在治療的案主自殺，甚至自殺身亡的事件，卻僅有極少數人關注其身心健康。而心理師在獲知案主自殺身亡的當下，往往「自動自發」地處於「治療者」的位置，將自我需求擺放在次要。同時擁有「專業工作者」和「自殺者遺族」的雙重身分，卻未見最佳利益與福祉被優先考量，是心理從業人員的損失。美國自殺學協會於1997年提出了專業者遺族（clinician survivor）一詞，以正確命名達到社會正義之目的，提供專業者遺族相對的支持與協助。本文以「女性主義觀點」探討專業者遺族之哀悼、覺醒與賦權，依序論述專業者遺族身心反應與來自第二序受害者（second victim）的反思，並分享幾點想法，包含：1.理解專業者遺族受到「污名（stigma）」的影響，難有主動求助的意願；2.肯認（affirmative）治療者與案主關係，正常化專業者遺族情感；3.提升組織單位重視專業者遺族之意識，以團隊合作模式平等關懷與賦權；4.覺察專業角色之刻板印象，同步理解心理師與案主各自的社會處境。5.女性主義諮商：解構倖存者的標籤，從負傷療癒者走向社會行動之途徑。最後，呼籲心理工作從業人員提升性別、權力、位階等意識，在事件當中肯認自我，賦權自我，才能更有力量地協助我們的當事人。

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