地域社會論的核心、背景、理解和課題

Chinese History from the perspective of Local Community：its concept, background, responses of historians, and new questions

森正夫/MORI Masao(Sen Zhengfu)

人文研究期刊

12期（2014 / 12 / 01）

27 - 32

繁體中文

1981 年，在名古屋大學舉辦的中國前近代史的學術研討會―「地域社會的觀點：地域社會與指導者」上，我為中國社會史研究的再思考提出了一個新的學術概念─地域社會論。地域社會的觀點，後來被廣泛稱為地域社會論。地域社會論核心概念在於，相較於階級分析或階級闘争而言，更關注於中國歴史中最為重要的社會力量，即當地居民之間的統一與合作。近年，趙世瑜（北京大學）、施添福（台灣中央研究院）二位先生皆認為，地域社會論在中國史研究中具有一定的價值和意義。如今，我認為地域社會研究的最重要課題有二：一是怎樣將地域社會的概念與國家或意識形態結合起来；二是為了把過去與現在連結起来思考，又應如何使用這一概念。當我們面對生態環境變遷、人口減少、年輕世代歴史意識淡薄等等現實問題時，我們歷史研究者究竟應怎樣從歴史上所形成的地域社會之中予以借鑒和展望呢？

In the symposium of Nagoya University on the Research of Premodern Chinese History ＂Some Perspectives on Local Community - Local Community and its Leaders＂ in 1981, I proposed a new concept for rethinking Chinese social history. The central idea of that is focusing on unity or cooperation among local people rather than class analysis or struggle which had been seen as the most important social dynamic in Chinese history. In recent years, some Chinese scholars, Zhao Shiyu (趙世瑜, Beijin Univ.) and Shi Tianfu (施添福, Academia Sinica), also made a point that the concept as one of the useful theory for the research of Chinese history. At present, I think the most important theme for the study of local community, one is how to connect the concept of local community with State and consciousness. Another one is how to use the concept for making the connection between past and present. How should we, the historian, think the actual social problem, such as ecological changes, depopulation, decline of historical knowledge among younger generation and so on, from the perspective of historical local community?