The Relationship between Psychological Well-being and Media Use of College Students in Taiwan

台灣大學生心理康寧與媒體使用關係之研究

10.6284/NPUSTHSSR.2009.3(3)5

馬上閔(Shang-Min Ma)；譚躍(Yue Tan)；馬上鈞(Shang-Chun Ma)

大學生 ； 心理康寧 ； 媒體使用 ； college students ； psychological well-being ； media use behaviors

人文社會科學研究

3卷3期（2009 / 09 / 01）

94 - 115

英文

本研究旨在探討台灣大學生心理康寧與媒體使用之關係。本研究採問卷調查法，以Ryff(1989)發展之「心理康寧量表」及自編之「媒體使用問春」為研究工具，並以台灣大學生為研究對象，探討其不同心理康寧層面（自我掌控、環境掌握、個人成長、正面關係、生活目的、自我接受）與使用不同媒體使用行為（看電視、打網路遊戲、上網聊天、閱讀、看電影、看電視新闖、讀報紙新聞、讀網路新聞、搜索網路信息和網上購物）之關係，共發放538份問卷，回收有效問卷467份，所得資料以SPSS14.0套裝軟體進行t考驗和多元迴歸分析，其結果如下：(1)不同性別之大學生其心理康寧與媒體使用之關係有顯著不同；(2)因爲不同的媒體具有不同的形式和內容，大學生使用他們的頻率和時間與不同的「心理康寧」層面也存在不同的關係。(3)「心理康寧量表」中之「生活目的」層面最能有效預測大學生不同媒體之使用行為；另外，「個人成長」是唯一預測女性大學生打線上遊戲頻率和時間長短的顯著心理變項。

This study aims to examine the relationship between media use and psychological well-being of college students in Taiwan. Employing a questionnaire survey of college students in Taiwan, Ryff's (1989) scale of psychological well-being, and a media use questionnaire, ten kinds of media use behaviors (watching TV, playing online games, online chatting, reading books, watching movies, watching TV news, reading newspaper news, reading online news, online information searching, and online shopping) are predicted by the six dimensions (autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relations with others, purpose in life, and self-acceptance) of psychological well- being with gender controlled as an intervening variable. Data were analyzed with t tests and multiple regression analysis. Based on the findings of a survey of 467 college students, three conclusions are made. First, males and females show different patterns in terms of the relationships between their psychological well-being and media use behavior. Second, since different media activities have different characteristics, each media use behavior correlates with different dimension of psychological well-being. Third, purpose in life is the best predictor of all the six psychological well-being dimensions. In addition, personal growth is the only significant predictor of how often and how long female students play online games.

1. Chang, Y. P.(2009).Conjunction of online and offline world: A study based on MMORPG players' interpretations of their experiences.Mass Communication Research,98,1-45.
   連結：
2. Cho, H.(2009).Internet, Korean youth and temporary autonomous zone.Mass Communication Research,101,245-283.
   連結：
3. Bargh, J. A.,McKenna, K. Y.(2004).The Internet and social life.Annual Review of Psychology,55(1),573-590.
4. Campbell, A. J.,Cumming, S. R.,Hughes, I.(2006).Internet use by the socially fearful: Addiction or therapy?.CyberPsychology & Behavior,9(1),69-81.
5. Ceyhan, A. A.(2008).Predictors of problematic Internet use on Turkish university students.CyberPsychology & Behavior,11(3),363-366.
6. Chak, K.,Leung, L.(2004).Shyness and locus of control as predictors of Internet addiction and Internet use.CyberPsychology & Behavior,7(5),559-570.
7. Chen, Y.,Persson, A.(2002).Internet use among young and older adults: Relation to psychological well-being.Educational Gerontology,28(9),731-744.
8. Cheng, S. T.,Chan, A. C. M.(2005).Measuring psychological well-being in the Chinese.Personality and individual differences,38,1307-1316.
9. Clarke, P. J.,Marshall, V. W.,Ryff, C. D.,Wheaton, B.(2001).Measuring psychological well-being in the Canadian study of health and aging.International Psychogeriatrics,13,79-90.
10. Donchi, L.(2003).Young people and the Internet.Australian Journal of Psychology,55,4.
11. Donchi, L.,Moore, S.(2004).It's a boy thing: The role of the Internet in young people's psychological wellbeing.Behaviour Change,21(2),76-89.
12. Fogel, J.,Albert, S. M.,Schnabel, F.,Ditkoff, B. A.,Neugut, A. I.(2003).Racial/ethnic differences and potential psychological benefits in use of the internet by women with breast cancer.Psycho-Oncology,12(2),107-117.
13. Henderson, P.,Fogel, J.(2003).Support networks used by African American breast cancer support group participants.ABNF Journal,14(5),95-98.
14. Jackson, L. A.,Ervin, K. S.,Gardner, P. D.,Schmitt, N.(2001).The racial digital divide: Motivational, affective, and cognitive correlates of Internet use.Journal of Applied Social Psychology,31(10),2019-2046.
15. Jackson, L. A.,von Eye, A.,Barbatsis, G.,Biocca, F.,Fitzgerald, H. E.,Zhao, Y.(2004).The impact of internet use on the other side of the digital divide.Communications of the ACM,47(7),43-47.
16. Jenaro, C.,Flores, N.,Gomez-Vela, M.,Gonalez-Gil, F.,Caballo, C.(2007).Problematic internet and cell-phone use: Psychological, behavioral, and health correlates.Addiction Research & Theory,15(3),209-320.
17. Kraut, R.,Patterson, M.,Lundmark, V.,Kiesler, S.,Mukophadhyay, T.,Scherlis, W.(1998).Internet paradox: A social technology that reduces social involvement and psychological well-being.American Psychologist,53(9),1017-1031.
18. Lee, M.,Ko, Y.,Song, H.,Kwon, K.,Lee, H.,Nam, M.,Jung, I.(2007).Characteristics of Internet use in relation to game genre in Korean adolescents.CyberPsychology & Behavior,10(2),278-285.
19. Lin, S. S. J.,Tsai, C.(2002).Sensation seeking and internet dependence of Taiwanese high school adolescents.Computers in Human Behavior,18(4),411-427.
20. Livingstone, S.(2007).The Challenge of engaging youth online.European Journal of Communication,22(2),165-184.
21. Matsuba, M. K.(2006).Searching for self and relationships online.CyberPsychology & Behavior,9(3),275-284.
22. Modayil, M. V.,Thompson, A. H.,Varnhagen, S.,Wilson, D. R.(2003).Internet users' prior psychological and social difficulties.CyberPsychology & Behavior,6(6),585-590.
23. Papacharissi, Z.,Rubin, A. M.(2000).Predictors of Internet use.Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media,44(2),175-196.
24. Ryff, C. D.(1989).Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,57,1069-1081.
25. Ryff, C. D.,Singer, B. H.(2007).Best news yet on the six-factor model of wellbeing.Social Science Research,35,1103-1119.
26. Shapira, N.,Barak, A.,Gal, I.(2007).Promoting older adults' well-being through Internet training and use.Aging & Mental Health,11(5),477-484.
27. Van Dierendonck, D.(2004).The construct validity of Ryff's scales of psychological well-being and its extension with spiritual well-being.Personality and Individual Differences,36,629-634.
28. Wästlund, E.,Norlander, T.,Archer, T.(2001).Internet blues revisited: Replication and extension of an Internet paradox study.CyberPsychology & Behavior,4(3),385-391.
29. Weiser, E. B.(2001).The Functions of Internet use and their social and psychological consequences.CyberPsychology & Behavior,4(6),723-743.
30. Whang, L. S.,Lee, S.,Chang, G.(2003).Internet over-users' psychological profiles: A behavior sampling analysis on Internet addiction.CyberPsychology & Behavior,6(2),143-150.