觀光凝視與影像再現－台灣背包客在京都的影像再現之探討

Tourist Gaze and Image Representation-The Exploration on Image Representation of Taiwanese Backpackers in Kyoto

10.30169/JRTR.201006.0004

黃家珊(Chia-Shan Huang)；梁炳琨(Bang-Kuen Liang)

背包客 ； 影像再現 ； 觀光凝視 ； 京都 ； Backpacker ； circle of representation ； tourist gaze ； Kyoto

鄉村旅遊研究

4卷1期（2010 / 06 / 01）

59 - 80

繁體中文

照片可以再現一個地方的影像，創造人們對異地的想像與渴望，成為旅行的動力。特定地景因為一再的被再現，因而成為吸引觀光客前往的地標，觀光客再度再現這些地標，這些照片將吸引更多觀光客前往參觀、鞏固地標的地位，地標的照片成為不間斷的影像循環，對旅行的影響甚鉅。背包客是特殊的旅行者，強調獨立自主、不受拘束的旅行精神，遵行不受團體限制的旅行方式，那麼背包客的攝影，是否也會受到影像循環的影響？或是背包客有屬於自己的再現特質。本研究以京都作為研究場域，選取台灣背包客為例，檢視背包客的影像再現特質。本文研究方法與步驟，首先以10本京都旅行指南為文本，進行內容分析法找出代表京都的地標及最常被再現的地景。其次透過背包客的深度訪談，以及分析背包客所提供的照片與即可拍相機的照片（於京都選取配合的背包客5人給予即可拍相機），以了解背包客的地景影像再現特質。研究發現影像再現循環是影響背包客再現的重要因素，但是背包客的再現特質是多元的，包含再現他人的凝視、自我詮釋的地標再現、全球在地化的差異再現、生活制度的差異再現、好奇式的觀看等。

Pictures can reproduce the image of a place to create people's imaginations and desires for exotic locations and therefore capture their interests in travelling. A specific landscape attracts visitors because of its pictures taken again and again. The more visitors come, the more pictures are taken. Those pictures would attract even more visitors. The landscape has consolidated its position. The pictures of the landscape has become a constant circle of representation, which has a huge influence on travelling.Backpackers are special travelers. They are dependant, and free from restricted schedules. Is the photography of backpackers affected by the circle of representation? Or perhaps we can find more characteristics of representation? This study is based on the backpackers from Taiwan, who travelled Kyoto, to examine the characteristics of representation and traveling. The research started on the analysis of the travel guides. In the first place, I found the most representative icons and landscapes. Next, I interviewed the backpackers from Taiwan, who traveled Kyoto, to find the characteristics of representation and travelling from the interviews and the photos they offered. ”Disposable Camera Supply” is adopted to make up for the possible lack of resources. That is, the backpackers who was travelling Kyoto was provided with disposable cameras to take more pictures during their journeys. According to studies, the reproduction of backpackers is obviously affected by the circle of representation. But the characteristics of reproduction of backpackers is multiple, including representation of what others gazing, narrative selfing through photography, difference between global and local space, different life style, curious seeing, etc.

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