失能老人家庭之孫子女照顧者的經驗初探

The Preliminary Exploration of Grandchild Caregivers' Experiences in Families with Frail Older People

連雅棻(Ya-Fen Lien)

照顧者 ； 照顧 ； 孫子女 ； 祖父母 ； 失能老人 ； caregiver ； caregiving ； grandchildren ； grandparents ； frail older people

美和學報

34卷1期（2015 / 05 / 01）

53 - 70

繁體中文

本研究目的是提供洞悉去了解孫子女家庭照顧者其自覺的照顧經驗。採質性研究，研究者利用個別性訪談，和四個孫子女照顧者討論在照顧他們失能的祖父母時，他們的照顧角色和所面臨到的挑戰。每個孫子女照顧者都呈現出獨特的個人照顧經驗和顯示出4個場景：無法喘息的多重任務、被中斷的工作減少家庭收入、傳統駕駛的權利和資源分布不均、以及互惠失衡的不平等照顧責任。他們普遍都遭遇相同問題和發展出共同的身體、心理、社會的照顧負荷，包括：疲憊、挫折、經濟困難、和家庭關係不和諧。政府和健康專家是需要提供正式支持去協助孫子女照顧者同時處理家務、工作、家庭和照顧等角色任務執行。

This study aims to provide insight into the perceptive experiences of grandchild caregivers. In this article, qualitative research was used and the researcher individually interviewed with four grandchild caregivers to discuss their caregiver roles or challenges during taking care of their frail grandparents. Each grandchild caregiver presented unique individual experiences and revealed four serials including multiple tasks without respite, disruption of work inhibiting family income, inequality of traditional-dictated authorities and resources, and unequal caregiving responsibilities from failed reciprocity. They commonly experienced caregiving burden of physical, psychological and social impacts in respect of fatigue, frustration, financial difficulties, and family disharmony. Health professionals need additional assistance to help them overcome the challenges associated with managing a household, career, family, and caregiving roles.

1. Che, H. L.,Yeh, M. L.,Wu, S. M.(2006).The self-empowerment process of primary caregivers: A study of caring for elderly with dementia.Journal of Nursing Research (Taiwan Nurses Association),14(3),209-218.
   連結：
2. Liu, B. S.,Li, C. Y.,Yeh, K. H.,Huang, H. C.(2011).Differences in filial behavior in multigeneration families that live together.Journal of Nursing Research,19(1),25-33.
   連結：
3. 利翠珊、張妤玥(2010)。代間照顧關係：台灣都會地區成年子女的質性訪談研究。中華心理衛生學刊，23(1)，99-124。
   連結：
4. 葉光輝(2009)。台灣民眾的代間交換行為：孝道觀點的探討。本土心理學研究，31，97-141。
   連結：
5. 行政院主計總處 (2014)。生命統計。Retrieved 8 月 15 日，2014，from http://www.dgbas.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=15409&CtNode=4595
6. 內政部 (2007)我國長期照顧十年計畫─大溫暖社會福利套案之旗艦計畫。台北:行政院。
7. Bengtson, V. L.(2001).The burgess award lecture: Beyond the nuclear family: The increasing importance of multigenerational bonds.Journal of Marriage and Family,63(1),1-16.
8. Boquet, J. R.,Oliver, D. P.,Wittenberg-Lyles, E.,Doorenbos, A. Z.,Demiris, G.(2011).Taking care of a dying grandparent: Case studies of grandchildren in the hospice caregiver role.American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Medicine,28(8),564-568.
9. Campbell, L. D.(2010).Sons who care: Examining the experience and meaning of filial caregiving for married and never-married sons.Canadian Journal on Aging/Revue canadienne du vieillissement,29(Special Issue 01),73-84.
10. Celdrán, M.,Triadó, C.,Villar, F.(2010)."My grandparent has dementia": How adolescents perceive their relationship with grandparents with a cognitive impairment.Journal of Applied Gerontology
11. Crotty, M.(1998).The foundations of social research: Meaning and perspective in the research process.NSW:Allen & Unwin.
12. Del-pino-Casado, R.,Frías-Osuna, A.,Palomino-Moral, P. A.(2011).Subjective burden and cultural motives for caregiving in informal caregivers of older people.Journal of Nursing Scholarship,43(3),282-291.
13. Fruhauf, C. A.,Jarrott, S. E.,Allen, K. R.(2006).Grandchildren's perceptions of caring for grandparents.Journal of Family Issues,27(7),887-911.
14. Fruhauf, C. A.,Orel, N. A.(2008).Developmental issues of grandchildren who provide care to grandparents.The Intergenerational Journal of Aging & Human Development,67,209-230.
15. Hsu, H. C.,Shyu, Y. L.(2003).Implicit exchanges in family caregiving for frail elders in Taiwan.Qualitative Health Research,13(8),1078-1093.
16. Hwang, K. K.(2001).The deep structure of Confucianism: A social psychological approach.Asian Philosophy,11(3),179-204.
17. Katz, R.(2009).Intergenerational family relations and subjective well-being in old age: A cross-national study.European Journal of Ageing,6(2),79-90.
18. Keeling, M. L.,Dolbin-MacNab, M. L.,Hudgins, C.,Ford, J.(2008).Caregiving in family systems: Exploring the potential for systemic therapies.Journal of Systemic Therapies,27(3),45-63.
19. Khalaila, R.,Litwin, H.(2011).Does filial piety decrease depression among family caregivers?.Aging & Mental Health,15(6),679-686.
20. Lazarus, R. S.,Folkman, S.(1984).Stress, appraisal, and coping.New York:Springer.
21. Li, X.(Ed.),Pan, Z.(Ed.)(2003).Taiwan in the twenty-first century.Lanham:University Press of America.
22. Lou, V. W. Q.,Kwan, C. W.,Leung, A. Y. M.,Chi, I.(2011).Psychological distress among Chinese adult-child caregivers: The effects of behavioral and cognitive components of care.Home Health Care Services Quarterly,30(3),133-146.
23. Lu, A.(2009).An end to patriarchy: Democratic transformation and women's liberation in Taiwan.Georgetown Journal of International Affairs,Winter/Spring,47-53.
24. Merz, E. M.,Huxhold, O.(2010).Wellbeing depends on social relationship characteristics: Comparing different types and providers of support to older adults.Ageing & Society,30(05),843-857.
25. Tsai, C. H.,Lai, T. M.(2011).Predicting the need of formal care in Taiwan: Analysis of a national random sample.Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics,53,298-302.
26. Tsai, H. H.,Chen, M. H.,Tsai, Y. F.(2008).Perceptions of filial piety among Taiwanese university students.Journal of Advanced Nursing,63(3),284-290.
27. Wang, Y. N.,Shyu, Y. I. L.,Chen, M. C.,Yang, P. S.(2011).Reconciling work and family caregiving among adult-child family caregivers of older people with dementia: effects on role strain and depressive symptoms.Journal of Advanced Nursing,67(4),829-840.
28. Yin, R. K.(2014).Case study research: Design and methods.California:Sage Publications.
29. 江亮演(2009)。高齡社會老人在地老化福利之探討。社區發展季刊，125，195-210。
30. 邱啟潤、黃鈺琦(2010)。居家照護病患及主要照顧者在長期照顧資源的利用及可近性探討。期照護雜誌，14(3)，293-309。
31. 薛承泰(2008)。台灣家庭變遷與老人居住型態：現況與未未。社區發展季刊，121，47-56。

1. 曾煥裕、石泱(2018)。失智老人及其照顧者使用社區式服務影響因素之研究。社會發展研究學刊，21，34-70。
2. 黃靖媛,陳恩平,翁瑞宏,吳葦柔(2022)。探討金門地區中老年人選擇長照服務類型之意願與影響因素。醫務管理期刊，23(1)，37-60。