歌之為言長言之也──曲唱發聲理論初探

To Sing is to Prolong the Sound of Words in Verse──An Exploration of Chinese Vocalization

10.6257/2011.7001

古兆申(Siu-Sun Koo)

用氣 ； 口法 ； 出聲 ； 轉聲 ； 收聲 ； yong qi breath control ； kou fa articulation methods ； singing technique adapting the pronounciation of a zi ； chu sheng singing the initial consonant plus the vowel part of a zi ； zhuan sheng singing the vowel part of a zi with grace notes ； shou sheng singing the final consonant of a zi

戲劇研究

7期（2011 / 01 / 01）

1 - 36

繁體中文

The vocalization of each nation's vocal music is closely connected with the phonetic characteristics of its language. Phonetic characteristics influence the aesthetics of vocal music and thus also influence the method of vocalization. Chinese vocal music (here refers mainly to Han language music) has a long recorded heritage of at least five thousand years. It is natural that Chinese vocal music has its own method of vocalization. The method has been developed gradually along with the practice of Chinese vocal art (Poetry Singing, Ci singing, Qu singing, etc.) and has constructed a quite sophisticated system. Early in the time of The Book of History and The Book of Songs, four or five thousand years ago, the Chinese theorists had already discovered how the pronunciation of words (zi, Chinese characters) is related to vocalization. They found that to sing is but to prolong the sound of words in verse. From then on, theorists of all dynasties successively explored the ”Principle of Word Prolonging” (chang yan zhi zhi) which they took as the basic theory of Chinese vocalization. The study of Classical Chinese phonology-sheng yun xue, the learning of tones and phonetics-is mainly orientated towards vocalization. Important theories of qie yun (a traditional method of pronouncing a Chinese character (zi) by showing it through two other characters, one with the same initial consonant and the other with the same vowel(s) and final consonant) and deng yun (pronouncing zi by adjusting the mouth and lips in four degrees of opening and closing) had already become theories of Chinese vocalization. This thesis presents the whole heritage in retrospect.

The vocalization of each nation's vocal music is closely connected with the phonetic characteristics of its language. Phonetic characteristics influence the aesthetics of vocal music and thus also influence the method of vocalization. Chinese vocal music (here refers mainly to Han language music) has a long recorded heritage of at least five thousand years. It is natural that Chinese vocal music has its own method of vocalization. The method has been developed gradually along with the practice of Chinese vocal art (Poetry Singing, Ci singing, Qu singing, etc.) and has constructed a quite sophisticated system. Early in the time of The Book of History and The Book of Songs, four or five thousand years ago, the Chinese theorists had already discovered how the pronunciation of words (zi, Chinese characters) is related to vocalization. They found that to sing is but to prolong the sound of words in verse. From then on, theorists of all dynasties successively explored the ”Principle of Word Prolonging” (chang yan zhi zhi) which they took as the basic theory of Chinese vocalization. The study of Classical Chinese phonology-sheng yun xue, the learning of tones and phonetics-is mainly orientated towards vocalization. Important theories of qie yun (a traditional method of pronouncing a Chinese character (zi) by showing it through two other characters, one with the same initial consonant and the other with the same vowel(s) and final consonant) and deng yun (pronouncing zi by adjusting the mouth and lips in four degrees of opening and closing) had already become theories of Chinese vocalization. This thesis presents the whole heritage in retrospect.

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