Evil [κάκη] in Sophocles' Oedipus Tyrannus and Antigone

索弗克里斯《伊底帕斯王》及《安蒂岡妮》中的惡[κάκη]

10.30114/CGJHSS.200904.0005

張玉燕(Yu-Yen Chang)

惡κάκη ； 索弗克里斯 ； 伊底帕斯王 ； 安蒂岡妮 ； Evil κάκη ； Sophocles ； Oedipus Tyrannus ； Antigone

長庚人文社會學報

2卷1期（2009 / 04 / 01）

119 - 145

英文

依古希臘文原文，惡[κάκη]一詞指涉多重意義：邪惡、扭曲、災難、疾病與詛咒等；而這些概念正是索弗克里斯的兩齣悲劇《伊底帕斯王》及《安蒂岡妮》探討的重要課題－人如何學會並脫離苦難(σχολῇ κακοῦ)。本文第一部分爬梳並比較惡[κάκη]在兩劇本中的相關用法，旨於闡釋此字的應用，實則點出戲劇、醫學、政治與宗教息息相關的面向。第二部分重點分析一特殊例子：先知(prophets)被指控收取利益(profits)；並說明索弗克里斯筆下惡[κάκη]的描繪，如何勾勒出西元前五世紀經濟繁榮之景象。

The Greek term ＜||＞κάκη＜||＞ complicates various meanings and concepts-evil, deformity, disaster, trouble, disease, curse and so on-all of which fashion the key issues elaborated in Sophocles’ two tragedies Oedipus Tyrannus and Antigone. In a nutshell, the semantic stretch of κάκη amounts to a reflection on the motif of ＜||＞σχολῇ κακοῦ.＜||＞ Through analyzing the semantic complexities of the word ＜||＞κάκη,＜||＞ the first section of this paper is to explore the vertical linkage among drama, medicine, politics, and religion. The second section, concentrating on the chiasmic interconnectedness between prophets and profits, will cast light on how the theme of evils is correlated to the context of the fifth-century economic prosperity.

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