伽利略為何疏遠克普勒？

Why Galileo Distanced Himself from Kepler?

10.30114/CGJHSS.201210.0004

戴東源(Dong-Yuan Tai)

科學史 ； 哲學 ； 亞里斯多德 ； 原因 ； 美學 ； 占星學 ； History of Science ； Philosophy ； Aristotle ； Causation ； Aesthetics ； Astrology

長庚人文社會學報

5卷2期（2012 / 10 / 01）

353 - 388

繁體中文

克普勒和伽利略都是支持哥白尼學說的先鋒，也有過信息接觸，但在不少學者眼中，除了哥白尼「日心地動說」的主架構外，兩人的科學見解少有交集。克普勒為伽利略透過望遠鏡的新發現背書，熱切期待和伽利略建立交流管道。但與所有合理的預期相反，伽利略刻意疏遠克普勒，也從未接受克普勒的行星運動理論和潮汐理論。兩人關係為何如此？長期以來，這一直是「科學史上難解的謎」，許多學者為此謎提供各種解釋。本文將從兩人哲學思考方式的差異，說明伽利略疏遠克普勒的原因。本文先交代歷史背景，檢視各家說法，然後提供一個另類補充。

Kepler and Galileo are well-known as two of the few Copernicans that promoted the notion of heliostatic astronomy in the early Seventeenth century. Kepler endorsed Galileo's new discoveries made through the telescope and was eager to establish a relationship with Galileo. But contrary to every reasonable expectation, Galileo always remained aloof from Kepler and never accepted Kepler's laws of planetary motion and his tidal theory. For a long time, this has been ”a maddening puzzle in the history of science”. There are many historical explanations as to why Galileo did not credit Kepler. This paper attempts to appraise the known interpretations and provide an alternative explanation for the mysterious and distant relationship between Kepler and Galileo. The alternative can be a supplement to other explanations. It also shows that the two Copernicans had their own ways of philosophizing, especially in their concept of the causation of motion, which led to Galileo never appreciating Kepler's scientific notions.

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