Insider Patentee and Transnational Licensing with Trade Barriers under Cournot Competition

在Cournot競爭下存在貿易障礙的產業授權廠商與跨國授權

梁文榮(Wen-Jung Liang)；曾靜枝(Ching-Chih Tseng)

貿易障礙 ； 產業內授權廠商 ； 跨國授權 ； Cournot數量競爭 ； Trade Barriers ； Insider Patentee ； Transnational Licensing ； Cournot Competition

長庚人文社會學報

6卷1期（2013 / 04 / 01）

1 - 16

英文

本文考慮存在貿易障礙，建立一個兩國雙占廠商模型，探討當廠商生產同質產品且在各個市場從事Cournot數量競爭時，產業內授權廠商的最適授權策略。本文的重點聚焦於研發技術強度（Innovation Size）產生的成本優勢及貿易障礙產生的獨占租（Rent）的作用。本文証明若研發為非劇烈創新，當研發技術強度相對貿易成本夠高時，最適授權策略為混合授權：反之，當研發技術強度相對貿易成本夠低時，最適授權策略為單位權利金授權。再者，本文也証明若研發為劇烈創新，最適授權策略為混合授權。

This paper develops a two-country duopolistic model and takes into account trade barriers in exploring the insider patentee's optimal licensing contract, as firms produce a homogeneous product and engage in Cournot competition in each market. The focus of the paper is on the impact of cost advantage generated by the innovation size and the rent created by trade barriers. The paper shows that mixed licensing contract is optimal as the innovation size relative to the innovation size is large under non-drastic innovation, while royalty licensing is optimal, otherwise. Moreover, it also shows that the optimal licensing contract is mixed licensing under drastic innovation.

1. Arrow, K.(1962).Economic Welfare and the Allocation of Resources for Invention.The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity
2. Kabiraj, T.,Marjit, S.(2003).Protecting Consumers through Protection: The Role of Tariff-induced Technology Transfer.European Economic Review,47,113-124.
3. Kamien, M.,Oren, S. S.,Tauman, Y.(1992).Optimal Licensing of Cost-reducing Innovation.Journal of Mathematical Economics,21,483-508.
4. Kamien, M.,Tauman, Y.(1986).Fees versus Royalties and the Private Value of a Patent.Quarterly Journal of Economics,101,471-491.
5. Liang, W. J.,Hwang, H.,Mai, C. C.(2006).Spatial Discrimination: Bertrand vs. Cournot with Asymmetric Demands.Regional Science and Urban Economics,36,790-802.
6. Mottner, S.,Johnson, J. P.(2000).Motivations and Risks in International Licensing: A Review and Implications for Licensing to Transitional and Emerging Economies.Journal of World Business,35,171-188.
7. Mukherjee, A.,Pennings, E.(2006).Tariffs, Licensing and Market Structure.European Economic Review,50,1699-1707.
8. Nadiri, M.I.(1993).NBER working paper 4423NBER working paper 4423,未出版
9. Vishwasrao, S.(2007).Royalties vs. Fees: How Do Firms Pay for Foreign Technology?.International Journal of Industrial Organization,25,741-759.
10. Wang, X. H.(1998).Fee versus Royalty Licensing in a Cournot Duopoly Model.Economics Letters,60,55-62.
11. Wang, X. H.(2002).Fee versus Royalty Licensing in a Differentiated Cournot Duopoly.Journal of Economics and Business,54,253-266.
12. Wang, X. H.,Yang, B.(1999).On Licensing under Bertrand Competition.Australian Economic Papers,38,106-119.