英文摘要
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"Failure is the mother of success." Teachers in Taiwan often encouraged students to face failure courageously and tried turning failure into a nutrient for growth; however, according to the consequence of the PISA 2018 exam, the performance in "Fear of Failure" of Taiwan students ranked first among the countries participating in the project. As discussed above, this study investigated the relationship between competitiveness, fear of failure and mathematical literacy of students in Taiwan, and the study was based on PISA 2018 data by using descriptive statistics, Pearson Correlation, latent class analysis and One-way ANOVA. The result indicated that: 1) Most of the 15-year-old students in Taiwan were afraid of failure; 2) The Competitiveness, Fear of Failure and mathematical literacy of 15-year-old students in Taiwan were all significantly correlated; 3) Competitiveness and Fear of Failure divided into four categories were the best goodness of fit model; 4) The performance in mathematical literacy among 15-year-old students in Taiwan with different groups of "Competitiveness" and "Fear of Failure" were significant differences. In the end, this study put forward several related suggestions for reference and application of follow-up research.
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