牛樟菇菌最適化固態培養條件與化學成分之探討

Development of the Optimum Solid-Culture Conditions and Identification of Chemical Compositions of Antrodia Cinnamomea

聶方珮(Fang-Pei Nieh)；李嘉展(Jai-Jaan Lee)；林雪良(Hsueh-Liang Lin)；林英才(Ying-Tsai Lin)；彭清勇(Ching-Yung Pong)；鄭明得(Ming-Der Jeng)

牛樟菇菌 ； 最適化培養 ； 固態培養 ； 高效能液相層析 ； Antrodia cinnamomea ； optimum cultivation ； solid-stage cultivation ； high performance liquid chromatography

台北海洋技術學院學報

6卷2期（2015 / 03 / 01）

58 - 71

繁體中文

本研究主要目的在測試牛樟菇菌於不同溫度、pH、培養基種類及不同植物精油等培養條件下之生長情形，以得到最適之量化生產條件；並利用高效能液相層析儀及氣相層析儀分析牛樟菇子實體及人工培養菌絲體化學組成上的差異，以做為後續人工量產時操作與品管之參考。試驗結果顯示牛樟菇菌絲最適生長溫度為25~30℃，35℃以上則開始對牛樟菌生長產生抑制的現象。；最適生長pH為6與7，pH5、8及9則次之，低於pH4以下則菌落生長明顯受到抑制；MEA+leaf培養基為目前較適合牛樟菇菌之培養基，於4週菌落直徑即可長滿9公分培養皿，且顏色與菌落特性較專一，不易有變異情形發生，而添加glucose之MEA+leaf培養基對菌落生長無明顯影響。1000~3000ppm之牛樟精油對可促進牛樟菇菌之生長，但濃度超過4000ppm以上則具有抑制牛樟菇菌生長的現象。本計畫所使用之HPLC分析法可有效分離牛樟菇子實體與菌絲體之乙醇萃出物之化學組成，並得知菌絲體之HPLC圖譜化學組成較簡單，而子實體則有較複雜之中低極性化合物組成，有許多文獻指出此類化合物可能是三萜類（triterpene）化合物。

The aims of this project is to clearify the optimum culture conditions, including the effect of temperature, pH, meida composition and essential oil concentration, for Antrodia cinnamomea in the solid-stage cultured media. Furthermore, HPLC analysis is conducted to compare and identified the chemical ingredients extracted from its fruiting body and mycelium with ethanol solution. The significance of this project will be useful in the commercial production of Antrodia cinnamomea. Over the temperature range test, the results indicated that Antrodia cinnamomea could grow with the temperature range from 10-35℃, but the optimum temperature was 25-30℃. However, the culture temperature of more than 35℃ will inhibit the growth of Antrodia cinnamomea. By comparison of different pH effect on the growth of Antrodia cinnamomea, the test results revealed that the optimum pH was 6-7, conversely, the growth of Antrodia cinnamomea will be inhibited when the pH is lower than 4. Over the optimum media test, the MEA+leaf media, supplemented with leaf of Cinnamomum kanehiraih Hay, has the best enrichment effect for the growth of Antrodia cinnamomea. After 28 days the diameter of colony was more than 9 cm. In addition, our test data showed that glucose addition is not necessary for the growth in the MEA+leaf media. Furthermoer, we also indicated that the concentration of essential oil of Cinnamomum kanehiraih could not be more than 4000ppm, it will inhibit the growth of Autrodia cinnamomea. The HPLC analysis method developed in this plan is feasible to isolate and differentiate efficiently the chemical composition of fruiting body and mycelin of Antrodia cinnamomea. Our test results indicated that there were more complex and low polarity ingredients in the ethanol extract of Antrodia cinnamomea, i.e., triterpene, described in many reference.

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