题名

台灣上市櫃家族企業與公司績效

并列篇名

Family Firm and Firm Performance: An Empirical Evidence from Taiwan Stock Exchange

DOI

10.29731/SJA.201011.0003

作者

林寶人(Bao-Ren Lin)

关键词

家族企業 ; 家族總經理 ; 代理問題 ; 家族董事會 ; 公司績效 ; Family firm ; Family CEO ; Agency problem ; Family board characteristics ; Firm performance

期刊名称

會計學報

卷期/出版年月

3卷1期(2010 / 11 / 01)

页次

53 - 82

内容语文

繁體中文

中文摘要

本研究有別於以往文獻採用追蹤資料模型(panel data)來探討家族企業中兩類總經理、家族所有權、家族控制權及家族董事會等特性與上市櫃家族及非家族企業績效和價值之關係,期能對研究家族企業之領域提供更為完整的證據。實證結果顯示,台灣家族企業表現顯著不如非家族企業。其他發現如下:(1)家族總經理的經營績效不如家族企業裡非家族總經理(2)家族控制股東持股比率愈高公司績效與價值愈差(3)控制股東偏離程度對家族與非家族企業績效及價值之傷害並不存在顯著差異(4)透過擴增家族企業董事會規模能有效提升公司績效與價值(5)外部董事在家族與非家族企業中皆能發揮顯著的監督與制衡效果(6)由家族總經理兼任董事長能有效提升企業績效及價值。

英文摘要

This paper contributes to existing literatures by using fixed effects panel data regression to investigate the relation between firm performance and family CEOs, family ownership, family control, and family board characteristics. Our empirical evidence from Taiwan Stock Exchange reveals that nonfamily firms significantly outperform family firms. Other findings include the following: (1) Nonfamily CEOs in family firms are associated with superior performance than family CEOs (2) The firm with greater family blockholder ownership experiences impaired firm performance and stock price reaction. (3) As the deviation in family and nonfamily blockholder ownership increases no significant impact on firm performance and value. (4) Family firm with larger board size is more likely to have better firm performance and value. (5) There is a positive relationship between number of outside directors and firm performance in the family and nonfamily firm. (6) A significant difference in the family firm performance when family CEO also serves as board chairperson.

主题分类 社會科學 > 財金及會計學
参考文献
  1. 呂佳玲,林基煌(2008).Corporate governance, diversification strategy in mergers and acquisitions and performances for Taiwanese family firms.亞太經濟管理評論,11(2),107-134.
    連結:
  2. 李永全、馬黛(2006)。台灣家族公司負債融資成本之研究。管理評論,25(3),69-91。
    連結:
  3. 洪榮華、李易政、陳香如、謝可杉(2009)。家族企業特性與負債水準關係之研究。商管科技季刊,10(3),491-525。
    連結:
  4. 洪榮華、陳香如、林慧珍(2007)。公司治理機制對創新、多角化策略及公司績效之影響─研發密集產業之實證。中山管理評論,15(1),37-60。
    連結:
  5. 洪榮華、陳香如、柯璟瑩(2005)。從代理理論的角度探討董事會特性、股權結構與負債之關聯性。管理與系統,12(4),33-53。
    連結:
  6. 廖秀梅、李建然、吳祥華(2006)。董事會結構特性與公司績效關係之研究-兼論台灣家族企業因素的影響。東吳經濟商學學報,54,117-160。
    連結:
  7. Gilson, R. and J. Gordon. 2003. Controlling shareholders. Unpublished paper, University of Pennsylvania
  8. Berle, A. and G.Means.1932. The Modern Corporation and Private Property. New York: Macmillan
  9. Aboody, D.,Lev, Baruch(2000).Information Asymmetry, R&D, and Insider Gains.Journal of Finance,55,2747-2766.
  10. Agrawal, A.,Knoeber, C.(1996).Firm performance and mechanisms to control agency problems between managers and shareholders.Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis,31,377-397.
  11. Agrawal, A.,Mandelker, G.(1990).Large shareholders and the monitoring of managers: the case of antitakeover charter amendments.Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis,25,143-161.
  12. Ali, A.,Chen, T.,Radhakrishnan, S.(2007).Corporate disclosures by family firms.Journal of Accounting and Economics,44,238-286.
  13. Anderson, R.,Reeb, D.(2003).Founding-family ownership and firm performance: evidence from the S&P 500.Journal of Finance,58,1301-1328.
  14. Andres, C.(2008).Large shareholders and firm performance - an empirical examination of founding-family ownership.Journal of Corporate Finance,14,431-445.
  15. Ayadi, F.,Dufrene, U.,Obi, C.(1996).Firm performance measures: Temporal roadblock to innovation?.Managerial Finance,22,18-32.
  16. Barclay, M.,Holderness, C.(1989).Private benefits from control of public corporations.Journal of Financial Economics,25,371-395.
  17. Barth, E.,Gulbrandsen, T.,Schone, P.(2005).Family ownership and productivity: the role of owner-management.Journal of Corporate Finance,11,107-127.
  18. Berger, P.,Ofek, E.,Yermack, D.(1997).Managerial entrenchment and capital structure decisions.Journal of Finance,52,1411-1438.
  19. Booth, J.,Cornett, M.,Tehranian, H.(2002).Boards of directors, ownership, and regulation.Journal of Banking and Finance,26,1973-1996.
  20. Boyd, B.(2006).Corporate Linkages and Organizational Environment: A Test of The Resource Dependence Model.Strategic Management Journal,11,419-430.
  21. Brickley, J.,James, C.(1987).The takeover market, corporate board composition, and ownership structure: the case of banking.Journal of Law and Economics,30,161-180.
  22. Burkart, M.,Panunzi, F.,Shleifer, A.(2003).Family firms.Journal of Finance,58,2167-2210.
  23. Chami, R.(1999).What's different about family business?.Computer World,17,67-69.
  24. Chang, S.,Wu, W.,Wong, Y.(2009).Family control and stock market reactions to innovation announcements.British Journal of Management,10,1-18.
  25. Cheng, S.(2008).Board size and the variability of corporate performance.Journal of Financial Economics,87,157-176.
  26. Chrisman, J.,Chua, J.,Litz, R.(2004).Comparing the agency costs of family and non-family firms: conceptual issues and exploratory evidence.Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,28,335-354.
  27. Chrisman, J.,Chua, J.,Sharma, P.(2005).Trends and directions in the development of a strategic management theory of the family firm.Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice,29,555-575.
  28. Chung, K.,Pruitt, S.(1994).A simple approximation of Tobin's q.Financial Management,23,70-74.
  29. Claessens, S.,Djankov, S.,Fan, J.,Lang, L.(2002).Disentangling the incentives and entrenchment effects of large shareholdings.Journal of Finance,57,2741-2771.
  30. Claessens, S.,Djankov, S.,Lang, L.(2000).Separation of ownership from control of East Asian firms.Journal of Financial Economics,58,81-112.
  31. Copeland, T.,Weston, J.,Shastri, K.(2005).Financial Theory and Corporate Policy.Boston:Pearson /Addison Wesley.
  32. Daily, C.,Dalton, D.(1993).Boards of directors, leadership and structure: control and performance implications.Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,17,65-81.
  33. Daily, C.,Dollinger, M.(1991).Family firms are different.Review of Business,13,3-5.
  34. Dalton, D.,Daily, C.(1999).Directors and shareholders as equity partners? handle with care!.Compensation and Benefits Review,31,73-79.
  35. Davis, J.,Schoorman, D.,Donaldson, L.(1997).Toward a stewardship theory of management.Academy of Management Review,22,20-47.
  36. DeAngelo, H.,DeAngelo, L.(2000).Controlling stockholders and the disciplinary role of corporate payout policy: A study of the Times Mirror Company.Journal of Financial Economics,56,153-207.
  37. Demsetz, H.,Lehn, K.(1985).The structure of corporate ownership: causes and consequences.Journal of Political Economy,93,1155-1177.
  38. Denis, D.,Denis, D.,Sarin, A.(1997).Agency problems, equity ownership, and corporate diversification.Journal of Finance,52,135-160.
  39. Faccio, M.,Lang, L.(2002).The ultimate ownership of Western European corporations.Journal of Financial Economics,65,365-395.
  40. Fama, E.(1980).Agency problems and the theory of the firm.Journal of Political Economy,88,288-307.
  41. Fama, E.,Jensen, M.(1985).Organizational forms and investment decisions.Journal of Financial Economics,14,101-119.
  42. Fama, E.,Jensen, M.(1983).Separation of ownership and control.Journal of Law and Economics,26,301-325.
  43. Finkelstein, S.,Aveni, R.(1994).CEO duality as a double-edged sword: How boards of directors balance entrenchment avoidance and unity of command.Academy Management Journal,37,1079-1108.
  44. Friend, I.,Lang, H.(1988).An empirical test of the impact of managerial self-interest on corporate capital structure.Journal of Finance,43,271-281.
  45. Gadhoum, Y.(2006).Power of ultimate controlling owners: a survey of Canadian landscape.Journal of Management and Governance,10,179-204.
  46. Gomez-Mejia, L.,Nunez-Nickel, M.,Gutierrez, I.(2001).The role of family ties in agency contracts.Academy of Management Journal,44,81-95.
  47. Grossman, Sanford J.,Hart, Oliver D.(1980).Takeover bids, the free-rider problem, and the theory of the corporation.Bell Journal of Economics,11,42-64.
  48. Hair, J.,Anderson, R.,Tatham, R.,Black, W.(1998).Multivariate Data Analysis.N.J.:Prentice-Hall.
  49. Hausman, J.(1978).Specification tests in econometrics.Econometrica,46,1251-1271.
  50. Hermalin, B.,Weisbach, M.(1991).The effects of board composition and direct incentives on firm performance.Financial Management,20,101-112.
  51. Huson, M.,Parrino, R.,Starks, L.(2001).Internal monitoring mechanisms and CEO turnover: a long-term perspective.Journal of Finance,56,2265-2297.
  52. Jensen, M.,Meckling, W.(1976).Theory of the firm: managerial behavior, agency costs, and ownership structure.Journal of Financial Economics,3,305-360.
  53. Karra, N.,Tracey, P.,Phillips, N.(2006).Altruism and agency in the family firm: exploring the role of family, kinship, and ethnicity.Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,30,861-877.
  54. La Porta, R.,Lopez-de-Silanes, F.,Shleifer, A.(1999).Corporate ownership around the world.Journal of Finance,54,471-517.
  55. Lipton, M., Lorsch, J.(1992).A modest proposal for improved corporate governance.Business Lawyer,48,59-77.
  56. Mallette, P.,Fowler, K.(1992).Effects of board composition and stock ownership on the adoption of poison pills.Academy of Management Review,35,1010-1035.
  57. Maury, B.(2006).Family ownership and firm performance: empirical evidence from Western European corporations.Journal of Corporate Finance,12,321-341.
  58. McConaughy, D.,Walker, M.,Henderson, G.,Chandra, M.(1998).Founding family controlled firms: efficiency and value.Review of Financial Economics,7,1-19.
  59. Miller, D.,Breton-Miller, I.,Lester, R.,Cammella, A., Jr.(2007).Are family firms really superior performers?.Journal of Corporate Finance,13,829-858.
  60. Morck, R.,Strangeland, D.,Yeung, B.(2000).Inherited wealth, corporate control, and economic growth: The Canadian disease.Chicago:University of Chicago Press.
  61. Myers, S.(1984).The capital structure puzzle.Journal of Finance,39,575-592.
  62. Ng, W.,Roberts, J.(2007).Helping the family: the mediating role of outside directors in ethnic Chinese family firms.Human Relations,60,285-314.
  63. Pearce, J.,Zahra, S.(1992).Board composition from a strategic contingency perspective.Journal of Management Studies,29,411-438.
  64. Rechner, P.,Dalton, D.(1991).CEO duality and organizational performance: A longitudinal analysis.Strategic Management Journal,12,155-160.
  65. Rosenstein, S.,Wyatt, J.(1990).Outside directors, board independence, and shareholder wealth.Journal of Financial Economics,26,175-191.
  66. Saito, T.(2008).Family firms and firm performance: Evidence form Japan.Journal of Accounting and Economics,22,620-646.
  67. Schulze, W.,Lubatkin, M.,Dino, R.(2003).Dispersion of ownership and agency in family firms.Academy of Management Journal,46,179-194.
  68. Schulze, W.,Lubatkin, M.,Dino, R.,Buchholtz, A.(2001).Agency relationships in family firms: theory and evidence.Organization Science,12,99-116.
  69. Shleifer, A.,Vishny, R.(1997).A survey of corporate governance.Journal of Finance,52,737-783.
  70. Sraer, D.,Thesmar, D.(2007).Performance and behavior of family firms: evidence from the French stock market.Journal of the European Economic Association,5,709-751.
  71. Stein, J.(1988).Takeover threats and managerial myopia.Journal of Political Economy,96,61-80.
  72. Veliyath, R.(1999).Top management compensation and shareholder returns: Unravelling different models of the relationship.Journal of Management Studies,36,123-143.
  73. Villalonga, B.,Amit, R.(2006).How do family ownership, management and control affect firm value?.Journal of Financial Economics,80,385-417.
  74. Ward, John,Dolan, Christina(1998).Defining and describing family business ownership configurations.Family Business Review,11,305-310.
  75. Weir, C.,Laing, D.(2001).Governance structures, director independence and corporate performance in the UK.European Business Review,13,86-94.
  76. Yeh, Y. H.,Lee, T. S.,Su, Y. H.(2008).Family shareholding and corporate value in concentrated ownership structure environments.Taiwan Banking & Finance Quarterly,9,1-30.
  77. Yermack, D.(1996).Higher market valuation of companies with a small board of directors.Journal of Financial Economics,40,185-211.
  78. 周行一、陳錦村、陳坤宏(1996)。家族持股、聯屬持股與公司價值之研究。中國財務學刊,4(1),115-139。
  79. 倪衍森、廖容岑(2006)。家族企業負債代理成本及股利政策之研究─以台灣上市公司為例。管理與系統,13(2),153-179。
  80. 黃旭輝、陳隆麒、謝劍平(2001)。公司成長機會對經理人持股與董事會組成影響之研究。中山管理評論,9(2),37-59。
  81. 葉銀華(1999)。家族控股集團、核心企業與報酬互動之研究─台灣與香港證卷市場之比較。管理評論,18(2),57-90。
  82. 葉銀華(1990)。台灣股票市場成交量與股價關係之實證研究一轉換函數模式。台北市銀行月刊,22(11),57-70。
  83. 葉銀華、李存修、柯承恩(2002)。公司治理與評等系統。商智文化。
  84. 鍾喜梅、劉韻僖、葉匡時(2003)。我國上市公司家族控制力與董事會運作關係之探討。中山管理評論,11(2),341-365。
被引用次数
  1. 陳麗旭(2016)。生產力與技術效率之研究—台灣資訊服務業與農業之驗證。臺灣大學國家發展研究所學位論文。2016。1-165。 
  2. 吳璧安(2017)。審計委員會設置對公司後續經營績效、股價與風險之探討。長榮大學經營管理研究所學位論文。2017。1-59。