海外自助旅行者人格特質與自我實現之相關研究

A Study of the Relationship between Personality Traits and Self-Actualization of Overseas Independent Travelers

黃子芹(Tzu-Chin Huang)；黃郁婷(Yu-Ting Huang)

海外 ； 自助旅行者 ； 人格特質 ； 自我實現 ； Overseas ； independent travelers ； personality traits ； self-actualization

島嶼觀光研究

13卷2期（2020 / 12 / 01）

75 - 102

繁體中文

旅行者的人格特質會影響旅行的型態，且人格特質亦會影響自我實現的程度，本研究旨在瞭解海外自助旅行者人格特質與自我實現之關係，以臺灣地區20～64歲曾有海外自助旅行經驗者為研究對象，採問卷調查法，共取得有效樣本409份。研究發現：一、人格特質僅「神經質」顯著低於理論中點，其他層面皆顯著高於理論中點。二、海外自助旅行者的「自我實現」為中上程度。三、海外自助旅行者的「平均旅伴人數」、「遊／留學經驗」、「海外自助旅行總次數」、「海外自助旅行最長天數」在自我實現上達顯著差異。四、海外自助旅行者的「人格特質」與「自我實現」有顯著相關。五、迴歸分析之結果，女性的自我實現程度高於男性；年齡越大的自我實現程度越高；「神經質」傾向越低者，自我實現程度越高；「外向性」、「親和性」、「嚴謹自律性」和「經驗開放性」特質傾向越高，其自我實現程度越高；以上七個因素對海外自助旅行者之自我實現達78%之顯著解釋力。根據研究之發現，建議男性自助旅行者可嘗試獨自的深度探索之旅，從中認識自我、發掘潛能；年輕旅行者可在旅行中學習釋放壓力與增進自信；神經質傾向高的旅行者可藉由旅行的體驗改變自己。隨著年齡的增長，旅行經驗的累積，有助於達到自我實現。

Travelers choose different travel styles because of their different personality traits. Also, personality traits affect the degree of self-actualization. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between personality traits and self-actualization from overseas independent travelers. The study selected subjects with experience of independent traveling overseas from ages 20 to 64 and adopted a survey method. A total of 409 independent travelers participated in this study. The research results are as follows: 1. Only the mean score of ＂Neuroticism＂ in personality traits is lower than the theoretical midpoint, four traits are not. 2. The self-actualization of overseas independent travelers tends to be good. 3. The average number of traveling companions, the experience of studying abroad, the frequency of overseas independent traveling, and the longest days of overseas independent traveling show significant differences in the degree of self-actualization. 4. There is a significant correlation between personality traits and self-actualization. 5. Female subjects have a higher degree of self-actualization than male subjects do. Moreover, the degree of self-actualization is higher in elder subjects; both subjects who have a lower degree in ＂Neuroticism,＂ and those who have a higher degree in ＂Extraversion,＂ ＂Agreeableness,＂ ＂Conscientiousness,＂ and ＂Openness to Experience,＂ have a higher degree of self-actualization. The 7 factors above have a predictive power of 78% on the self-actualization of the overseas independent travelers. Based on the research findings, the researcher provides evidence as follows: 1. Male travelers can try in-depth tourism independently to realize themselves and discover their potential. 2. Young travelers can release stress and increase self-confidence during the trips. 3. Travelers with high neuroticism can change themselves during their trips. Also, when they become older and gain more traveling experience, they have a higher degree of self-actualization.

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