島嶼居民對暫停兩岸小三通之觀光發展態度－以COVID-19疫情影響為例

Offshore Island Residents' Attitudes toward Tourism Development in Halting the mini-three-links - The Impact from COVID-19

陳錦玉(Chin-Yu Chen)

新型冠狀病毒肺炎 ； 觀光發展態度 ； 歸因理論 ； 小三通 ； 金門 ； COVID-19 ； attitude toward tourism development ； attribution theory ； mini-three-links ； Kinmen

島嶼觀光研究

14卷4期（2023 / 12 / 01）

79 - 100

繁體中文;英文

新型冠狀病毒肺炎疫情對全世界都帶來嚴峻的挑戰，金門地理位置鄰近大陸的廈門，台灣政府基於防範新冠肺炎疫情之需求，持續強化入境管制，實施暫停小三通客運船舶往來措施。以觀光立縣的金門在新冠肺炎疫情衝擊之下，居民的觀光發展態度是否也受影響？本研究針對居住金門一年以上的居民，採便利抽樣方式，共獲取有效問卷408份進行分析。本研究引用了歸因理論來探討受疫情影響而暫停小三通之下，觀光離島金門居民之觀光發展態度。研究結果顯示在疫情影響暫停小三通之下，負向經濟影響認知、正向社會文化和正向環境影響認知等，會顯著影響島嶼居民的觀光發展態度。儘管整體解釋力不高，經濟影響認知相對其他影響認知仍有較高的預測力，但卻是負向經濟影響認知。本研究得出在外部疫情因素影響下，對島嶼居民之觀光發展態度之正負向影響無法單存歸因於正負向觀光影響感知。在疫情期間，降低負向經濟影響認知對島嶼居民之觀光發展態度有重要的影響。對於觀光管理者與決策者而言，於疫情期間應提出降低負向經濟影響之策略，以提升島嶼居民之觀光發展態度。研究最後提出理論與管理意涵及未來研究建議。

The geographic location of Kinmen is proximity to Xiamen, China. Taiwan authorities perform the policy of suspending the mini-three-links, based on the need of preventing the spread of COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic brings serious challenge to tourism industries all over the world. Will Kinmen residents' attitudes of tourism development also affect by the coronavirus pandemic? Thus, the study employed convenience sampling method to acquire data from Kinmen residents who have lived in Kinmen for more than one year. A total of 408 valid questionnaires were collected for analyzed. This study applied attribution theory to explore residents' attitudes of tourism development. The results showed that the perceptions of negative economic impacts, positive social impacts, and positive environment impacts have predict power of island residents' tourism attitudes. Although overall explanatory power is not high, the economic impact still has a higher predictive power than other tourism impacts. The negative perception of economic impacts plays the influential factor on attitudes of tourism development. The study concluded that under the influence of external pandemic factor, the positive and negative impacts on island residents' attitudes toward tourism development can not be contributed from the positive and negative perceptions of tourism impact alone. Implications of the study results illustrate that lower the negative perception of economic impacts can be the influential for island residents' tourism attitudes amid the pandemic. Providing strategies of lowing the negative economic impacts perception was found important for tourism managers and policymakers to improve residents' tourism attitude in the context of pandemic. At last, the study provided theoretical and managerial implications and recommendations for future research.