具位置隱私保護的交通路況事件通報系統

林宜隆；陳高宏；蔡効謙

智慧城市 ； 個人資料保護 ； 車載資通訊 ； 位置遮蔽 ； Smart City ； Personal Information Protection ； Telematics ； Location Cloaking

電腦稽核

31期（2015 / 01 / 30）

75 - 85

繁體中文

為了使城市的交通更加便利，使用車載設備偵測交通路況，作為車流疏導依據，已成為先進國家改善交通的解決方案。由於車載設備通報交通路況至交通管理中心，會透露駕駛人的行車路線與位置，因此產生了個人資料隱私侵犯之疑慮，導致駕駛人使用車載設備回報交通資訊的意願降低。本研究提出一套保障駕駛人位置隱私的路況資訊回報系統，可協助車載設備通報交通資訊時，不洩露個別駕駛人的精確位置資訊，達成位置隱私保護。在系統蒐集到路況資訊時，會將鄰近多個通報者的車輛位置混合成一個遮蔽區域，使路況通報者的位置不具有還原性，但路況資訊發生的位置又不失去其精確性。為驗證本系統之使用者位置隱匿程度，本系統使用雲端導航服務模擬駕駛人車流與路況。實驗證實，本系統可保護使用者位置隱私性，但又可提供精確的交通路況資訊。

Using sensors in vehicles to detect road traffic status has become a popular solution to reduce the traffic congestions in a smart city. However, when devices in vehicles transmitting traffic information to a remote server, driver's location privacy may not be preserved due to the vehicle locations will be revealed in public. To protect driver's location privacy when telematics devices report traffic status, this paper introduces a privacy-aware traffic event notification system. The proposed system analyzes a cloaking region of traffic event in real time and obscures vehicle accurate locations. To evaluate the level of location anonymity of the proposed method, a prototype system was developed. The system experiments verified that the proposed system preserves suitable location privacy in an efficient way while providing accurate traffic information at the same time.

1. Damiani, M. L.,Silvestri, C.,Bertino, E.(2011).Fine-Grained Cloaking of Sensitive Positions in Location-Sharing Applications.Pervasive Computing,10(4),64-72.
2. Gruteser, M.,Grunwald, D.(2003).Anonymous Usage of Location-based Service through Spatial and Temporal Cloaking.International Conference on Mobile System, application, and Services(MobiSys)
3. Hoh, B.,Lwuchukwu, T.,Jacobson, Q.,Work, D.,Bayen, A. M.,Herring, R.,Herrera, J. C.,Gruteser, M.,Annavaram, M.(2012).Enhancing Privacy and Accuracy in Probe Vehicle-based Traffic Monitoring via Virtual Trip Lines.IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing,11(5),849-864.
4. Hu, H.,Xu, J.(2010).2PASS: Bandwidth-Optimized Location Cloaking for Anonymous Location-based Service.IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems,21(10),1458-1472.
5. Li, T. C.,Zhu, W. T.(2012).Protecting User Anonymity in Location-based Services with Fragmented Cloaking Region.IEEE International Conference on Computer Science and Automation Engineering (CSAE)
6. Liang, Z. W.,Li, J.,Li, C. R.,Deng, J. C.(2012).The Survey of Location Privacy Protection.International Conference on Wavelet Active Media Technology and Information Processing (ICWAMTIP)
7. Miura, K.,Sato, F.(2013).A Hybrid Method of User Privacy Protection for Location Based Services.International Conference on Complex, Intelligent, and Software Intensive Systems (CISIS)
8. Pan, X.,Xu, J.,Meng, X.(2012).Protecting Location Privacy against Location-Dependent Attacks in Mobile Services.IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering,24(8),1506-1519.
9. Wu, X.,Liu, J.,Hong, X.,Bertino, E.(2008).Anonymous Geo-Forwarding in MANETs through Location Cloaking.IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems,19(10),1297-1309.

1. 周家楨(2018)。結合物聯網與適地性服務提升行車安全性之研究。中華印刷科技年報，2018，386-410。