探討足球反彈球腳背踢擊動作之技術分析

The Effect of Instep Kick Bouncing Ball Skill Analysis

10.3966/207332672019031601004

陳國華(Kwo-Hwa Chen)；邱文信(Wen-Hsin Chiu)

運動學 ； 踢擊表現 ； 足球訓練 ； kinematics ； kicking performance ； soccer training

華人運動生物力學期刊

16卷1期（2019 / 03 / 01）

24 - 30

繁體中文

目的：球體反彈後進行腳背踢擊，是定點腳背踢擊的進階技能，但依然是足球選手該具備的基本技巧，若能瞭解反彈球腳背踢擊之動作技術，則可提升整體運動表現。方法：以運動技術分析的角度，彙整過去探討足球腳背踢擊動作之相關研究，說明各分期之注意要點，提供教練於訓練選手時之參考依據。結果：擊踢球的品質將決定球體的速度與路徑，因此在反覆進行訓練時需特別注重球與人體之間的距離，助跑初步時需穩定，末步時需增加步頻與步幅，支撐腳選定的位置需於球體的矢狀面，踢擊腳後擺時需增加髖與膝關節之角度，並朝球體中心點踢擊，並於觸碰球體瞬間踢擊腳需保持緊繃，直到所有動作完成。結論：在練習反彈球腳背踢擊時，需注重練習反彈時機的判斷、助跑的跟進與擊球點是否協調、支撐腳的位置選擇、擊踢球體的位置是否為中心、腳背是否繃緊、雙眼是否持續緊盯著球，是否過度用力導致肌肉僵硬等影響因素。以提升腳背踢擊之動作技術。

Purpose: Instep kick bouncing ball is not only the advanced skills for the instep shot but also is one of the basic skills that football players should have. If the players can realize the movement skill of instep kick bouncing ball, that can improve the exercise performance. Method: According to the sports technology analysis, Consolidate the literature which investigate the motion of instep kick bouncing football and explain the main points for each staging. Provide reference for coaches to training players. Result: The quality of the kick ball will determine the speed and path of the ball. Therefore, when repeat training it should be paid attention the distance with ball and body, the preliminary approach needs stable, and increase the steps and strides at the end. The supporting leg need select to the sagittal plane next to the ball, and the hip and knee joint range more backward swing to get larger velocity. Conclusion: When practiced instep kicked the bouncing ball, need stressed the affect factor such as the timing judgment about the ball bouncing, whether the follow-up of the approach is coordinated with the hitting point, select of the support foot position, whether the position of the kick sphere is centered, whether the back of foot is tight, whether the eyes keep watching the ball, whether excessive exertion to cause rigid muscles. That can improve the instep kicking skill.

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