擺臂動作對不同層級足球選手踢球下肢肌電訊號的影響

The effects of arm swing on kicking EMG of the lower limb in different division football players

10.3966/207332672021091802003

黃彥慈(Yen-Tzu Huang)；張家豪(Jia-Hao Chang)；陳佑(Yo Chen)

肌肉活化 ； 擺臂 ； 動作分析 ； 踢球 ； Muscle activity ； arm swing ； motion analysis ； kicking

華人運動生物力學期刊

18卷2期（2021 / 09 / 01）

15 - 20

繁體中文

目的：探討不同層級選手之擺臂動作對踢球時下肢肌肉活化的影響，經由肌電訊號分析下肢主要作用肌群在踢球時的肌肉活化程度以及時序的差異。方法：受試者為22位大學足球校隊選手，分別為11位足球運動績優生的一級選手以及11位非足球運動績優生的二級選手。經由10台Vicon動作分析系統拍攝擺臂和不擺臂的踢球動作並進行分期，以Noraxon無線肌電系統收集與分析肌電訊號。統計t-test分析擺臂動作與層級對肌肉活化程度與時序的影響，顯著性水準設α=.05。結果：擺臂動作不會影響一級或二級選手肌肉用力的程度，踢球上擺時主要活化肌群為臀大肌、股二頭肌以及腓腸肌，下擺時為股直肌、股內側與股外側肌為主要活化的肌群，一級選手不擺臂踢球時，股外側肌會較早活化（p＜.05），二級選手擺臂踢球時則有較高的股直肌與股二頭肌共同收縮的比例（p＜.05）。結論：擺臂動作對於踢球時下肢肌肉活化的程度沒有增進的作用，但是在分析股直肌與股二頭肌共同收縮的比例發現，擺臂動作能有助於減少二級選手腿部在下擺踢球時股二頭肌的拮抗作用。

Purpose: To explore the effects of arm movements on the muscle activities of lower limb muscles during kicking in different levels of players, and to analyze the differences of muscle activation (degree) and time sequence between the active muscles of lower limbs during kicking. Methods: The subjects were 22 college football players, 11 division 1 players , and 11 division 2 players. Vicon motion analysis system was used to record the kicking movements with and without arm swinging, and the EMG signals were collected and analyzed by Noraxon wireless EMG system. Pair t-test was used to analyze the effects of arm swing and competitive level on muscle activities and time sequence. The significant level was set at α =. 05. Results: The arm swing did not affect the muscle activation of the division 1 and division 2 players. The main active muscles were gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, and gastrocnemius in the upswing phase of kicking leg, and rectus femoris, vastus medialis and vastus lateralis in the downswing phase. When the division 1 players kicked the ball without arm swing, the vastus lateralis was activated earlier. (0.186 ± 0.27 seconds before the kick, T_(10) = - 2.583, p ＜ 0.05), and the division 2 players had a higher proportion of the contraction of rectus femoris and biceps femoris. Conclusion: Arm swing has no effect on the activation of lower limb muscles during kicking, but it helps reduce the antagonistic activity of biceps femoris during kicking. Although arm swing can improve the performance of vertical jump or standing long jump, the effect of arm swing on muscle activation can not be found in kicking.

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