洪棄生的「臺灣八景詩」探究──兼論「八景詩」的由來

Investigation of Qi-Sheng Hung's " Taiwan Eight Scenes Poems " -- A Discussion on the Origin of "Eight Scenes Poems"

曾金承(Tseng Chin-Cheng)

八景詩 ； 洪棄生 ； 權力場域 ； 詩畫合流 ； 文化地理 ； Eight Scenes Poems ； Qi-Sheng Hung ； power field ； Convergence of poetry and painting ； cultural geography

嘉大中文學報

17期（2023 / 11 / 30）

119 - 151

繁體中文;英文

自北宋宋迪繪出想像畫境「瀟湘八景」之後，因其「八境絕妙」而為之題詩，所以「八景」與「八景詩」均成於北宋。此後流傳不斷，文人雅士也紛紛仿作，故而「瀟湘八景」的實際指涉已經不是「瀟湘」，而是「八景」，進而將八景與八景詩的概念擴大流傳。到了元代，八景詩開始轉向政治意義，到了清代甚至帝王也熱中書寫「燕山八景詩」。康熙35年（1696）臺廈兵備道高拱乾的《臺灣府志》，首見臺灣八景並收錄高拱乾等五人的〈臺灣八景詩〉，其內容為「安平晚渡」、「沙鯤漁火」、「鹿耳春潮」、「雞籠積雪」、「東溟曉日」、「西嶼落霞」、「澄臺觀海」、「斐亭聽濤」，在景點的選擇與內容也都具有政治含意。到了清末，歷經兩百年的變遷，臺灣詩人洪棄生也曾撰寫一組「臺灣八景詩」，本文將嘗試分析其思想與藝術表現，探索臺灣八景詩在清朝的最後風貌。

Since Song Di of the Northern Song Dynasty depicted the imaginary scenes of the "Eight Scenes of Xiao Xiang," began to imitate, expanding the reference from "Xiao Xiang" to "Eight Scenes." The concept of the eight scenes and poems further expanded in circulation. By the Yuan Dynasty, Eight Scenes Poems began to shift towards political significance. In the Qing Dynasty, even emperors were enthusiastic about writing "Eight Scenes Poems" for places like Yan Shan.In 1696, Gao Gongqian, the Military Preparations Commissioner for Taiwan and Xiamen, published "Taiwan Fu-zhi," which first mentioned the Eight Scenes of Taiwan and included the "Taiwan Eight Scenes Poem" by Gao Gongqian and four others. The contents include "Anping Evening Ferry," "Shakeng Fishing Fire,""Lu'er Spring Tide," "Jilong Snow Accumulation," "Dongming Morning Sun," "Xiyu Sunset," "Chengtai Sea View," and "Feiting Listening to Waves." The selection of these scenic spots and their contents also carries political implications.By the end of the Qing Dynasty, after two hundred years of changes, the Taiwanese poet Qi-Sheng Hung also wrote a set of "Taiwan Eight Scenes Poems." This analysis will attempt to explore the thoughts and artistic expressions in his work, revealing the final appearance of the Taiwan Eight Scenes Poems during the Qing Dynasty.