非法藥物奈米探針之回顧

Review of Nanoprobes for Screening of Abused Drugs

10.6134/tjfm.201806_10(1).0001

顏堯德(Yao-Te Yen)；陳庭悅(Ting-Yueh Chen)；闕山仲(Sun-Chong Chyue)；張煥宗(Huan-Tsung Chang)

奈米探針 ； 光學感測器 ； 非法藥物 ； 篩驗 ； Nanoprobe ； Optical Sensor ； Abused Drug ； Screening

台灣法醫學誌

9卷2期&10卷1期（2018 / 06 / 01）

1 - 13

繁體中文

快篩濫用藥物的分析技術有助於法務人員來判定是否具有非法持有、吸食或其他等犯罪行為，因此相關技術的開發極為重要。具有極高的吸收係數和量子產率的奈米材料已被開發成可靈敏地檢測各種分析物的光學感測器。為增加選擇性，可辨識濫用藥物之deoxyribonucleic acid（DNA）適體常用於修飾奈米材料。本文介紹應用於檢測可待因、古柯鹼、甲基安非他命、愷他命、氯硝西泮及4－氯乙基卡西酮等濫用藥物的奈米探針，以奈米金、銀奈米團簇、半導體量子點及碳量子點等材料為主。雖然這些探針具有靈敏和選擇性等優點，但其仍無法檢測許多新興濫用藥物且受基質干擾，故發展適於快篩濫用藥物的便宜及新型奈米探針仍有其迫切性。

To assist law officers to determine whether the behavior of illegal possession, use of abused drugs, and criminal's acts occur or not, it is extremely important to develop analytical techniques for screening of abused drugs. Nanomaterials having high molar absorption coefficients and quantum yields have been used to develop optical sensors for quantitation of various analytes, with advantages of high sensitivity. deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) aptamers are commonly used to functionalize the nanomaterial to enhance their selectivity towards abused drugs. This review article focuses on introduction of gold nanoparticles, silver nanoclusters, quantum dots, and carbon nanodots based nanoprobes for detection of abused drugs, including codeine, cocaine, methamphetamine, ketamine, clonazepam, and 4-chloroethcathinone. Although they are sensitive and selective, they can not be used for screening newly developed abused drugs and suffer from matrix interference. It is thus important to develop new and low-cost sensors for rapid screening of abused drugs.

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