臺灣近一甲子重大天然災害之回顧及探討－第三篇：百年地動！山河變色！（1991～2000年）

A Retrospect and Discussion on Major Natural Disasters in Taiwan during 1951-2010-Part Ⅲ: Once-in-a-Century Earth-Shattering Catastrophe (1999 Chi-Chi Earthquake) (1991~2000)

陳正改(Joe C. K. Chen)

颱風 ； 豪雨 ； 地震 ； 強風 ； 洪水 ； 土石流 ； 山崩 ； 天然災害 ； 土地利用 ； 水土保持 ； 災害防救 ； typhoon ； torrential rain ； earthquake ； gale ； flood ； debris-flow ； landslide ； natural hazard ； land utilization ； soil and water conservation ； disaster mitigation and rescue

中華防災學刊

6卷1期（2014 / 02 / 01）

5 - 24

繁體中文

台灣位於西北太平洋及南中國海所發生的颱風常經之地，又位在歐亞大陸板塊與菲律賓海板塊的交界處，於是形成密布的斷層帶、頻繁的地震活動等特殊地質背景，居住在台灣的我們，對颱風、豪雨及地震並不覺得陌生。近年來，台灣地區因受到人為過度的開發以及自然界中地表岩石的風化和侵蝕作用，再加上颱風、豪雨、地震的侵襲，直接或間接的為台灣造成破壞力驚人的強風、洪水、山崩、土石流等災害，我們已為此付出極大的代價。生活在台灣的我們，都了解颱風、豪雨與地震等是無法完全避免的天然災害；而如何在有限的面積上，合理的利用土地資源，配合各種水土保持措施，使天然災害得以降至最低的程度，則是我們大家所應共同努力的目標。本文的第三篇，係針對台灣1991～2000年的十年間，所遭遇的七個重大天然災害之案例回顧，並對當時的應變處置及積極作為予以探討，藉此就教防救災界的先進們和傳承後進，同時與從事災害防救業務的所有師長和同仁們分享經驗並提供參考。

Taiwan is situated at where typhoons impact, which generate in the western North Pacific and South China Sea, and where the Eurasian Plate collides the Philippine Sea Plate, and is home to geological features such as myriad fault zones and frequent seismic activities. Taiwanese, therefore, are no strangers to typhoon, torrential rain, and earthquake. In recent years, excessive land development by humans, natural weathering and erosion of terrestrial surface, as well as impact of typhoon, torrential rain, and earthquake often accompany gale, flood, landslide and debris-flow, thereby leading to dreadful cataclysms, which incur massive loss.We, those who inhabit Taiwan, have learnt that typhoon, torrential rain, and earthquake are unavoidable natural hazards. Consequently, we ought to joint efforts to adequately employ limited land resources and to facilitate soil and water conservation, thus minimizing natural hazards.The third part of the article thoroughly reviews seven natural catastrophes in Taiwan during 1991 and 2000, and investigates corresponding emergency reaction and operation, thereby sharing experience with and acquiring feedback from companions, and senior, junior fellows, all of whom are specializing in disaster mitigation and rescue.