應用物件式影像分析方法於山區工程環境之判釋

Applying Object-Based Image Analysis Method to Interpret Engineering Environment of Mountainous Area

10.6562/JEE.2012.29.6

莊心凱(Hsin-Kai Chuang)；林銘郎(Ming-Lang Lin)；黃文昭(Wen-Chao Huang)

氾濫平原 ； 物件式影像分析 ； 主題圖層 ； 地形分析 ； 莫拉克颱風 ； Flood plain ； Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) ； Thematic layer ； Terrain analysis ； Typhoon Morakot

工程環境會刊

29期（2012 / 07 / 01）

99 - 123

繁體中文

民國98年莫拉克颱風引致高屏溪流域多處崩塌，大量土砂造成流路變遷，導致橋樑中斷及堤岸毀損，部份灘地及河階地聚落也發生水患，這種災點廣佈，卻相互影響的大規模複合性天然災害，突顯出了山區氾濫平原細部地形地物之研究對災害評估及防救災規劃的重要性。由於衛星影像判釋技術能有效率的獲取廣域空間資訊，因此用於災後之地物判釋十分合適。本研究採用物件式影像分析方法，以影像物件區塊為分析單元。除了使用各種光譜特徵以及影像物件特徵為分類依據外，特別探討由數值地形模型產製的地貌主題圖層作為特徵來改善成果，最後依專家知識厙建置的分類規則集進行寶來與六龜聚落之災後影像判釋。此氾濫平原分析流程兼具效率及自動化，能判釋出流路、沙洲、高灘地及河階地、沖積扇、崩塌地及人工構造物等地物種類。成果可供防救災規劃及土地利用參考。

The Typhoon Morakot on 2009 caused many serious landslides in Kaoping River basin. The shifting of the watercourse even led to the failure of roads and bridges, as well as flooding and levees damage happened around the villages on alluvial plain and river terraces. These largescale multi-disasters have highlighted the importance of understanding mountainous flood plain area for disaster prevention and mitigation. Interpretation of remote sensing images is an efficient approach to acquire spatial information for vast areas, therefore making it suitable for the interpretation of terrain and surface features near the vast flood plain areas after disasters in a short term. In this study, object-based image analysis method is adopted by using image objects as the basic unit of analysis. In addition to using various of spectral features and image objects features as classification basis, specific ＂landform thematic layers＂ produced by digital terrain models (DTM) are also employed to improve the accuracy of interpretation. Then, the rule-set of expert knowledge-based system were utilized to interpret the flood plain features from Liouguei to Baolai of the Kaoping River basin after Typhoon Morakot. This image interpretation process is not only efficient but also semi-automated. Finally, river channel, vegetation, sandbar, alluvial plain, river terrace, alluvial fan, landslide, and the nearby artificial structures are classified. The result can be used for disaster prevention and mitigation and landuse planning.