鏈動與前化：山西運城方言的知莊章組聲母

Chain Shift and First Movement: the Initial Consonant of Zhi-Zhuang-Zhang (知莊章) Groupin Sanxi (山西) Yuncheng (運城) Dialect

廖湘美(Hsiang-Mei Liao)

鏈動 ； 前化運動 ； 捲舌化 ； 唇齒化 ； 知莊章組 ； Chain Shift ； First Movement ； Retroflexion ； Labiodentalization Zhi-Zhuang-Zhang (知莊章) Group

東華中文學報

6期（2013 / 12 / 01）

187 - 208

繁體中文

古知莊章三組聲母，北京話大體請為捲舌音（莊組或讀平舌），山西運城方言相對複雜。依其在十六攝的分佈，運城這三組古音聲母概有六種狀況：（一）知莊章pf-；（二）知莊章ts-；（三）莊pf-、知章ts-；（四）莊ts-、知章pf-；（五）莊ts-、知章ts-；（六）莊章ts-、知ts-。這些現象大體可以從《中原音頻》的類型獲得理解；其中唇齒音的讀法是合口呼前的捲舌音變來的，平舌的讀法是開口呼前的捲舌音變化而來，這兩種變化都代表前化運動。

The ancient Chinese initial consonant of Zhi-Zhuang名hang (知莊章) group generally read as retroflex (Zhuang 莊group or read blade-alveolar) in Beijing dialect, and Shanxi Yuncheng (運城) dialect is relatively complicated. According to the distribution of the sixteen she (十六攝), there are six patterns of status in these three groups in Yuncheng (運城): (1) Zhi-Zhuang-Zhang (知莊章) pf-; (2) Zhi-Zhuang-Zhang (知莊章) ts-; (3) Zhuang (莊) pf-, Zhi-Zhang(知章)ts-; (4) Zhuang (莊)ts-, Zhi-Zhang (知章)pf-; (5) Zhuang (莊)ts-, Zhi-Zhang (知章) ts-; (6) Zhuang-Zhang (莊章)ts-, Zhi (知)ts-. The phenomena can be roughly understand from the types of Zhongyuan Yinyun (中原音韻). The pronunciation of labiodental has come from a retroflex before hekouhu (合口呼), and the pronunciation of blade-alveolar has come from a retroflex before kaikouhu (開口呼) . Both changes are representative of the First Movement.