乳粉及調製乳粉食品標示之國際規範比較

Definition and Labelling Requirements of Milk Powder Products: A Global Overview

陳明汝(MING-RU CHEN)；李佳玲(CHIA-LIN LEE)；楊依珍(YI-ZHEN YANG)；郭芳妤(FANG-YU KUO)；陳玉玲(YU-LING CHEN)；陳瑜絢(YU-HSUAN CHEN)；鄭維智(WEI-CHIH CHENG)；蔡淑貞(SHU-JEAN TSAI)

乳粉 ； 調製乳粉 ； 食品標示 ； Milk powder ； Food labelling

食品藥物研究年報

14期（2023 / 12 / 01）

242 - 251

繁體中文;英文

「乳粉」為生乳去除水分所製成之粉末狀產品。一般消費者會認為「乳粉」應是100%生乳除去水分而得，但根據臺灣調查發現，許多「乳粉」產品添加其他成分取代乳成分。為了解國際間如何管理乳粉產品，本文蒐集包含Codex、美國、歐盟、英國、澳紐、日本、南韓、泰國及中國等乳粉定義、品質標準與標示規定，並和我國比較，發現在各項乳脂調整乳粉產品之定義及品質標準，包含水分、乳脂肪及蛋白質含量，我國與國際標準相近，品名係同以品質規格辦理標示為原則。我國對調製乳粉之標示要求更為嚴謹，須於外包裝明顯處標示乳粉重量百分比，可讓消費者更清楚了解所買產品樣態。我國另定有強化乳粉之標示規定，允許添加生乳中所含之營養素；美國則定有強化脫脂乳粉之規定，規範維生素A及維生素D之含量基準；推論係因國民營養需求及飲食文化差異，依我國現行強化乳粉標示規定，較貼近國人飲食對鈣、維生素D等乳中營養素補充之需求。

"Milk powder" is made from cow's milk after moisture removal. Consumers consider that milk powder should be 100% milk except water, but previous survey in Taiwan found that many milk powder products add other ingredients. In order to understand how other countries manage and regulate such products, this article collected information on milk powder definitions, quality, standards and labeling regulations from Codex, the United States, the European Union, the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Australia, Japan, South Korea, Thailand and China, and further compared with regulations and standards in Taiwan. The quality standards of milk powder in Taiwan, including water, protein and fat, is similar to international standards. Labelling requirements of modified milk powder is more rigorous, the specification indicating "milk powder weight percentage" on the outer packaging is mandatory, which can assist consumers to clearly understand the "modified milk powder" product type. In addition, According to National Standards of the Republic of China (CNS) on "fortified milk powder", the nutrients in milk other than water are allowed to be added in the milk powder products. The United States formulated "fortified nonfat milk powder" regulations with vitamin A and D specifications which may be due to nutrition needs and food culture of their own citizens. Our regulation on fortified milk powder is more relevant to the need of our own citizens' calcium and vitamin A supplementation.