题名

從媒材轉換談動畫新聞對傳統新聞產製與標準之影響:以《動新聞》為例

并列篇名

A Mode Transformation Approach to the Effect of Animated News on News Production and Standards: A Pilot Study of News-In-Motion

DOI

10.6123/JCRP.2012.007

作者

江靜之(Chin-Chih Chiang)

关键词

口語 ; 書寫 ; 動畫新聞 ; 媒材轉換 ; 圖像 ; speech ; written text ; animated news ; mode ; visual

期刊名称

傳播研究與實踐

卷期/出版年月

2卷1期(2012 / 01 / 01)

页次

85 - 108

内容语文

繁體中文

中文摘要

本文從媒材轉換角度出發,以《動新聞》為例,探討文字新聞被轉換成動畫新聞對傳統新聞產製與客觀新聞標準可能產生的影響。本文指出,從文字到圖像及口語配音,動畫新聞產製者一方面須填補大量視覺及聽覺細節,影響記者蒐集及查證工作,另方面,也須注意圖像與口語可能隱含社會刻板印象,影響閱聽人的新聞判斷及感知。此外,本文認為《動新聞》的圖像畫面有時採當事人的第一人角度進行新聞敘事,以及使用動漫手法及文化,不但衝擊傳統客觀新聞標準,也可能引發「真相」及「憐憫」等新聞倫理議題的討論。

英文摘要

This article argues that some controversy concerning ”News-in-Motion” exists in the transformation from written texts to animation. From the perspective of mode transformation, this article focuses on The Apple Daily website's ”News-in-Motion” section to explore the effect of animated news on traditional news production and standards. This article suggests that when transforming an article from written to animated form, news producers need to add a significant amount of visual and oral detail which influences news gathering and verification. Moreover, visual and oral representations in animated news may imply ideologies just as with written texts, impacting news perception and audience judgment. This article shows that through the implementation of animation culture and techniques, and by at times narrating a news story from first-person perspective via video maneuvers. ”News-in-Motion” not only challenges traditional objective journalism but also invokes ethical discussion related to truth and compassion.

主题分类 社會科學 > 傳播學
参考文献
  1. 黃慧敏(2009 年 11 月 24 日)。〈動新聞引爭議 學者:描述犯罪細節侵人權〉,《中央社》。上網日期:2010 年 6 月 3 日,取自 http://www.etaiwannews.com/etn/news_content.php?id=1116684&lang=tc_news#\
  2. 陳俍任(2009 年 11 月 26 日)。〈看了動新聞 NCC 喊夭壽 彭芸:動新聞根本不叫新聞 官員暗示壹電視新聞臺不會過了〉,《聯合報》,第 2 版。
  3. 蘋果動新聞(2009 年 12 月 2 日)。〈蒙面潛入房 打甩兩門牙 印傭毆劫女主人〉,《蘋果日報》。上網日期:2010 年 2 月 22 日,取自http://www1.hk.apple.nextmedia.com/template/apple/art_main.php?iss_id=20091202&sec_id=4104&art_id=13480379
  4. 蘋果動新聞(2009 年 12 月 3 日)。〈「我要眼睜睜看她死」鐵鍊弒嬤〉,《蘋果日報》。上網日期:2010 年 2 月 22 日, 取 自 http://tw.nextmedia.com/animation/iplayer/msecid/1/type/Today/ArtID/32134410/TVID/604/issueid/20091203
  5. 蘋果動新聞(2010 年 2 月 11 日)。〈恥 張誌家、陳致遠 求刑兩年〉,《蘋果日報》。上網日期:2010 年 2 月 22 日,取自http://tw.nextmedia.com/animation/iplayer/msecid/1/type/Today/ArtID/32297454/TVID/2630/issueid/20100211
  6. 李子凡(2009 年 12 月 3 日)。〈外媒爭相轉載動新聞〉,《蘋果日報》。上網日期:2010 年 6 月 11 日,取自 http://tw.nextmedia.com/applenews/article/art_id/32134443/IssueID/20091203
  7. 蘋果動新聞(2009 年 11 月 24 日)。〈狂漢斬路人 提頭逛街〉,《蘋果日報》。上網日期:2010 年 2 月 22 日, 取 自 http://tw.nextmedia.com/applenews/article/art_id/32112447/IssueID/20091124
  8. 蘋果動新聞(2010 年 1 月 19 日)。〈收視差 招牌脫口秀改時段〉,《蘋果日報》。上網日期:2010 年 2 月 22 日,取自 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lJ9m1an-pQ8&feature=relmfu
  9. 蘋果動新聞(2009 年 11 月 13 日)。〈「要去醫院」泰勞劫救護車〉,《蘋果日報》。上網日期:2010 年 2 月 22 日,取自 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tQN4awYPF64&feature=player_embedded
  10. 蔡惠萍(2009 年 12 月 10 日)。〈動畫新聞「踐踏人性」 NCC 凍壹電視〉,《聯合報》,第 7 版。
  11. Baym, G.(2004).Packaging reality: Structures of form in US network news coverage of Watergate and the Clinton impeachment.Journalism,5,279-299.
  12. Bezemer, J.,Kress, G.(2008).Writing in multimodal texts: A social semiotic account of designs for learning.Written Communication,25,166-195.
  13. Costera Meijer, I.(2003).What is quality television news? A plea for extending the professional repertoire of newmakers.Journalism Studies,4,15-29.
  14. Craig, D.(2006).The ethics of the story: Using narrative techniques responsibly in journalism.Lanham, MD:Rowman & Littlefield.
  15. Doumont, J. L.(2002).Verbal versus visual: A word is worth a thousand pictures, too.Technical communication,49,219-224.
  16. Ekström, M.(2002).Epistemologies of TV journalism: A theoretical framework.Journalism,3,259-282.
  17. EkstrÖm, M.(Ed.),Kroon, Å.(Ed.),Nylund, M.(Ed.)(2006).News from the interview society.Gothenburg Sweden:Nordicom.
  18. Fulton, H.(Ed.),Huisman, R.(Ed.),Murphet, J.(Ed.),Dunn, A.(Ed.)(2005).Narrative and media.Cambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press.
  19. Huang, Y. K.(2008).Exploration the position and value of the animation-cartoon industry in China TV news communication.China Media Research,4(2),1-12.
  20. Iedema, R.(2003).Multimodality, resemiotization: Extending the analysis of discourse as multi-semiotic practice.Visual communication,2,29-57.
  21. Kaltenbacher, M.(2004).Perspectives on multimodality: From the early beginnings to the state ofthe art.Information Design Journal + Document Design,12,190-207.
  22. Kress, G.(1986).Language in the media: The construction of the domains of public and private.Media, Culture and Society,8,395-419.
  23. Kress, G.(2004).Reading images: multimodality, representation and new media.Information Design Journal + Document Design,12,110-119.
  24. Kress, G.,Jewitt, C.,Ogborn, J.,Tsatsarelis, C.(2001).Multimodal teaching and learning: The rhetorics of the science classroom.London:Continuum.
  25. Kress, G.,van Leeuwen, T.(2006).Reading images: The grammar of visual design.London:Routeldge.
  26. Kress, G.,van Leeuwen, T.(2001).Multimodal discourse: The modes and media of contemporary communication.London:Arnold.
  27. LeVine, P.(Ed.),Scollon, R.(Ed.)(2004).Discourse and technology: Multimodal discourse analysis.Washington, DC:Georgetown University Press.
  28. Opgenhaffen, M.(2008).Redefining multimedia: The (dis)integrated use of multiple media and modalities in convergent journalism.the annual meeting of the International Communication Association,Quebec, Canada:
  29. Rundblad, G.,Chilton, P. A.,Hunter, P. R.(2006).An enquiry into scientific and media discourse in the MMR controversy: Authority and factuality.Communication & Medicine,3,69-80.
  30. Schiffrin, D.(Ed.),Tannen, D.(Ed.),amilton, H. E.(Ed.)(2001).The handbook of discourse analysis.Malden, MA:Blackwell.
  31. Snyder, I.(Ed.)(1998).Page to screen: Taking literacy into the electronic era.London:Routledge.
  32. Snyder, I.(Ed.)(1997).Page to screen: Taking literacy into the electronic era.Sydney, Australia:Allen & Unwin.
  33. van Leeuwen, T.(2006).Towards a semiotics of typography.Information Design Journal,14,139-155.
  34. van Leeuwen, T.(1999).Speech, music, sound.Hampshire, UK:MacMillan.
  35. Ventola, E.(Ed.),Charles, C.(Ed.),Kaltenbacher, M.(Ed.)(2004).Perspectives on multimodality.Amsterdam:John Benjamins.
  36. Wojcieszak, M. E.(2009).Three dimensionality: Taxonomy of iconic, linguistic, and audio messages in television news.Television & New Media,10,459-481.
  37. Ytreberg, E.(2001).Moving out of the inverted pyramid: Narratives and descriptions in television news.Journalism Studies,2,357-371.
  38. 牛隆光(2005)。博士論文(博士論文)。國立政治大學新聞研究所。
  39. 王泰俐(2004)。電視新聞節目「感官主義」之初探研究。新聞學研究,81,1-41。
  40. 沈錦惠(2007)。電子語藝與公共溝通。臺北:五南。
  41. 沈錦惠(2005)。社群之知 vs. 客觀之知:從電子口語看電子新聞。新聞學研究,82,1-40。
  42. 紀慧君(2002)。編織新聞事實─紀律權力的觀點。新聞學研究,73,167-204。
被引用次数
  1. 江靜之(2018)。是真,還是假?從閱聽人角度看動畫新聞真實性。中華傳播學刊,34,3-34。
  2. (2015)。《蘋果日報》讀者的政治世界—一個初探性研究。傳播與社會學刊,32,91-134。