题名

以數據方法考察臉書上的「公開分享」:以懶人時報在學運期間的貼文為例

并列篇名

Investigating Public Shares on Facebook: A Case Study Involving Posts on the Fan Page "Lazy.News" during the 318 Students' Movement

DOI

10.6123/JCRP.2018.007

作者

劉慧雯(Liu, Hui-Wen)

关键词

使用者生產內容 ; 臉書 ; 公開分享 ; 資訊視覺化 ; user-generated content ; Facebook ; publicly share ; information visualization

期刊名称

傳播研究與實踐

卷期/出版年月

8卷1期(2018 / 01 / 01)

页次

183 - 217

内容语文

繁體中文

中文摘要

使用者生產內容平臺上的資訊傳遞研究,常因側重使用者特徵而形成「使用者中心」的解釋模型。然而,數位社群平臺上的溝通活動,涉及介面設計、使用慣性乃至於溝通文化等影響因素,有時並非加總使用者自我報告所能描繪。有鑑於此,本文認為資訊中心的解釋模型,較能夠回應社群平臺臉書的特殊設計,導引出有別於大眾傳播時代的理論概念。透過蒐集「公開分享」資訊並加以視覺化,本文發現,臉書上的資訊傳播模型可由傳播深度與廣度兩個指標來描繪。本文認為在繞過自我報告與個人屬性考察後,研究者較能關注社群媒體上分享活動的協作特質,發展能夠數群媒體特徵的傳播理論。

英文摘要

The study of information flow on platforms characterized by user-generated information is more likely to adopt the ego-centrism model because of the emphasis on users' characters. However, communication activities on social media are related to factors such as platform design, user patterns, and communication culture. Communication activities cannot always be explained by user self-reporting. Accordingly, this study argues that a data-centered explanatory model could be an alternative explanation about how users interact with the unique design of social media platforms and lead to theoretical concepts that are differentiated from those of the mass media era. Through collecting and visualizing "publicly shared" information, this research finds that the information communication model on Facebook can be portrayed by two indicators: communication depth and width. After detouring from self-report and personal character study, we think that researchers should focus more on the cooperative characters of sharing activities on social media to develop the communication theory of social media.

主题分类 社會科學 > 傳播學
参考文献
  1. 李政忠(2003)。從抽樣與統計方法探討網路問卷調查的可行性:比較電話訪談與網路問卷樣本的實質差異性。廣播與電視,21,55-95。
    連結:
  2. 劉慧雯(2017)。建構「倫理閱聽人」:試論社群媒體使用者的倫理意涵。新聞學研究,131,87-125。
    連結:
  3. 鄭宇君、李蔡彥(2011)。資訊科技與新媒體研究之發展。傳播研究與實踐,1(1),75-81。
    連結:
  4. 盧安邦、鄭宇君(2017)。用方法說故事:探析電腦輔助文本分析工具在框架研究支應用。傳播研究與實踐,7(2),145-178。
    連結:
  5. Backstrom, L. (2011). Anatomy of Facebook. Facebook. Retrieved from https://www.facebook.com/notes/facebook-data-team/anatomy-of-facebook/10150388519243859
  6. Bassett, C.(2015).Plenty as a response to austerity? Big data expertise, cultures and communities.European Journal of Cultural Studies,18,548-563.
  7. Beer, D.(2012).Using social media data aggregator to do social research.Sociological Research Online,17(3)
  8. Bennett, W. L.,Manheim, J. B.(2006).The one-step flow of communication.Annuals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science,608,213-232.
  9. Berry, D. M.(2011).The computational turn: Thinking about the digital humanities.Cultural Machine,12
  10. Bershidsky, L. (2016, August 5). Facebook, I want my clickbait back. Bloomberg View. Retrieved from https://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2016-08-05/facebook-iwant-my-clickbait-back
  11. Bilton, N. (2010, May 12). Price of Facebook privacy? Start clicking. New York Times, Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/13/technology/personaltech/13basics.html?_r=0
  12. Binder, J.,Howes, A.,Sutcliffe, A.(2009).The problem of conflicting social spheres: Effects of network structure on experience tension in social network sites.SIGCHI International Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems,Boston, MA:
  13. Bonsón, E.,Ratkai, M.(2012).A set of metrics to assess stakeholder engagement and social legitimacy on a corporate Facebook page.Online Information Review,37,787-803.
  14. Boorman, S. A.(1975).A combinatorial optimization model for transmission of job information through contact networks.Bell Journal of Economics,6,216-249.
  15. Bowen, J. (2011, March 9). How-to: Paging with the graph API and FQL. Facebook for Developers. Retrieved from https://developers.facebook.com/blog/post/478/
  16. boyd, d. m.,Ellison, N. B.(2008).Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship.Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication,13,210-230.
  17. Chen, H.-P.,Hsu, K.-W.,Chiu, S.-I.(2016).Event detection in an ego network on Facebook.PACIS Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems,Chiayi, Taiwan:
  18. Choi, S.(2015).The two-step flow of communication in Twitter-based public forums.Social Science Computer Review,33,696-711.
  19. Coe, K.,Kenski, K.,Rains, S. A.(2014).Online and uncivil? Patterns and determinants of incivility in newspaper website comments.Journal of Communication,64,658-679.
  20. Colleoni, E.,Rozza, A.,Arvidsson, A.(2014).Echo chamber or public sphere? Predicting political orientation and measuring political homophily in Twitter using big data.Journal of Communication,64,317-332.
  21. Cvijikj, I. P.,Spiegler, E. A.,Michahelles, F.(2011).The effect of post type, category and posting day on user interaction level on Facebook.IEEE 3rd International Conference on Privacy, Security, Risk and Trust,Boston, MA:
  22. de Zúňiga, H. G.,Molyneux, L.,Zheng, P.(2014).Social media, political expression, and political participation: Panel analysis of lagged and concurrent relations.Journal of Communication,64,612-634.
  23. Deutschmann, P. L.,Danielson, W. A.(1960).Diffusion of knowledge of major news story.Journalism Quarterly,Summer
  24. Dey, R.,Jelveh, V.,Ross, K.(2012).Facebook users have become much more private: A large-scale study.IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops,Lugano, Switzerland:
  25. Edunov, S., Diuk, C., Filiz, I. O., Bhagat, S., & Burke, M. (2016, February 4). Three and a half degrees of seperation. Facebook Research. Retrieved from https://research.facebook.com/blog/three-and-a-half-degrees-of-separation/
  26. Ellison, N.,Steinfield, C.,Lampe, C.(2006).Spatially bounded online social networks and social capital: The role of Facebook.Annual Conference of the International Communication Association,Dresden, Germany:
  27. Feng, Y.(2016).Are you connected? Evaluating information cascades in online discussion about the #RaceTogether campaign.Computers in Human Behavior,54,43-53.
  28. Fletcher, D. (2010, May 31). Friends (and moms) without borders [Video]. Time. Retrieved from http://content.time.com/time/video/player/0,32068,86888223001_1990764,00.html
  29. Fogel, J.,Nehmad, E.(2009).Internet social network communities: Risk taking, trust and privacy concerns.Computers in Human Behavior,25,153-160.
  30. Gans, H. J.(1962).The urban villagers. Group and class in the life of Italian-Americans, etc.New York, NY:Free Press of Glencoe.
  31. Garfinkel, S.,Cox, D.(2009).Finding and archiving the internet footprint.First Digital Lives Research Conference: Personal Digital Archives for the 21st Century,London, UK:
  32. Gilbert, E.,Karahalios, K.(2009).Predicting tie strength with social media.CHI 2009,Boston, MA:
  33. Gosling, S. D.,Gaddis, S.,Vazire, S.(2007).Personality impressions based on Facebook profiles.International Conference on Weblogs and Social Media,Boulder, CO:
  34. Granovetter, M. S.(1973).The strength of weak ties.American Journal of Sociology,78,1360-1380.
  35. Granovetter, M. S.(1974).Getting a job: A study of contacts and careers.Cambridge, MA:Harvard University Press.
  36. Granovetter, M. S.(1983).The strength of weak ties: A network theory revisited.Sociological Theory,1,201-233.
  37. Grimmelmann, J.(2009).Saving Facebook.Iowa Law Review,94,1137-1206.
  38. Grinberg, N.,Dow, P. A.,Adamic, L. A.,Naaman, M.(2016).Changes in engagement before and after posting to Facebook.CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems,San Jose, CA:
  39. Gross, R.,Acquisti, A.(2005).Information revelation and privacy in online social networks.ACM workshop on Privacy in the Electronic society,Alexandria, VA:
  40. Haythornthwaite, C.(2005).Social networks and internet connectivity effects.Information, Communication, & Society,8,125-147.
  41. Haythornthwaite, C.(2002).Strong, weak, and latent ties and the impact of new media.Information Society,18,385-401.
  42. He, Y.,Uesato, K.,Yamana, H.(2016).Comparison of community detection methods for Facebook ego network.DEIM Forum 2016.http://db-event.jpn.org/deim2016/papers/158.pdf
  43. Herdağdelen, A.,State, B.,Adamic, L.,Mason, W.(2016).The social tie of immigrant communities in the United State.WebSci'16,Hannover, Germany:
  44. Hilbert, M.,Vásquez, J.,Halpern, D.,Valenzuela, S.,Arriagada, E.(2016).One step, two step, network step? Complementary perspectives on communication flows in twittered citizen protests.Social Science Computer Review,34
  45. Jack, S. L.(2005).The role, use and activation of strong and weak network ties: A qualitative analysis.Journal of Management Studies,42,1234-1259.
  46. Jenkins, H.(2006).Confronting the challenges of participatory culture: Media education for the 21st century.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press.
  47. Joinson, A. N.(2008).Looking at, looking up or keeping up with people? Motives and use of Facebook.26th Annual SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems,Florence, Italy:
  48. Karl, K.,Peluchette, J. V.,Schlaegel, C.(2010).Who's posting Facebook faux pas? A cross-cultural examination of personality differences.International Journal of Selection and Assessment,18,174-186.
  49. Karl, K.,Peluchette, J. V.,Schlaegel, C.(2010).A cross-cultural examination of student attitudes and gender differences in Facebook profiles content.International Journal of Virtual Communities and Social Networking,2,11-31.
  50. Katz, E.(1957).The two-step flow of communication: An up-to-date report on a hypothesis.Public Opinion Quarterly,21(2),61-78.
  51. Katz, E.,Lazarsfeld, P. F.(1955).Personal influence: The part played by people in the flow of mass communication.New York, NY:Free Press.
  52. Katz, J. E.(Ed.)(2008).Handbook of mobile communication studies.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press.
  53. Klapper, J. T.(1960).The effects of mass communication.New York, NY:Free Press.
  54. Kramer, A. D. I.,Guillory, J. E.,Hancock, J. T.(2014).Experimental evidence of massive-scale emotional contagion through social networks.PNAS,111(24),8788-8790.
  55. Kwak, H.,Lee, C.,Park, H.,Moon, S.(2010).What is Twitter, a social network or a news media?.19th International Conference on World Wide Web,Raleigh, NC:
  56. Lampe, C.,Ellison, N.,Steinfield, C.(2006).A face(book) in the crowd: Social searching vs. social browsing.ACM 2006 20th anniversary conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work,Banff, Canada:
  57. Langlois, S.(1977).Les reseaux personnels et la diffusion des informations sur les emplois.Recheres Sociographiques,18,213-245.
  58. Lazarsfeld, P. F., Berelson, B., & Gaudet, H. (1944). The people's choice: How the voter makes up his mind in a presidential campaign. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
  59. Leadbeater, C.(2008).We-think: Mass innovation, not mass production.London, UK:Profile Book.
  60. Lee, J. K.,Choi, J.,Kim, C.,Kim, Y.(2014).Social media, network heterogeneity, and opinion polarization.Journal of Communication,64,702-722.
  61. Lewis, K.,Kaufman, J.,Gonzales, M.,Wimmer, A.,Christakis, N.(2008).Taste, ties, and time: A new database using Facebook.com.Social Networks,30,330-342.
  62. Li, R.,Wang, C.,Chang, K. C.-C.(2014).User profiling in an ego network: Co-profiling attributes and relationships.International Conference on World Wide Web,Seoul, Korea:
  63. Lin, N.,Ensel, W.,Vaughn, J.(1981).Social resources, strength of ties and occupational status attainment.American Sociological Review,46,393-405.
  64. Lippmann, W. (1922). Public opinion. New York, NY: Harcourt, Brace & Company.
  65. Madden, M., Fox, S., Smith, A., & Vitak, J. (2007, December 16). Digital footprints: Online identity management and search in the age of transparency. Pew/Internet: Pew internet & American life project. Retrieved from http://www.pewinternet.org/files/old-media/Files/Reports/2007/PIP_Digital_Footprints.pdf.pdf
  66. Mason, H.,Patil, D. J.(2015).Data driven: Creating a dara culture.New York, NY:O'Reilly.
  67. McGee, M. (2013, August 16). EdgeRank is dead: Facebook's news feed algorithm now has close to 100K weight factors. Marketing Land. Retrieved from http://marketingland.com/edgerank-is-dead-facebooks-news-feed-algorithm-now-has-close-to-100k-weight-factors-55908
  68. Milgram, S.(1967).The small-world problem.Psychology Today,1,61-67.
  69. Mitchell, A., Rosenstiel, T., & Christian, L. (2011, March 19). What Facebook and Twitter mean for news. Pew Research Center. Retrieved from https://www.journalism.org/2012/03/19/what-facebook-and-twitter-mean-for-news/
  70. Murray, S.,Rankin, J.,Magill, D.(1981).Strong ties and job information.Sociology of Work and Occupations,8(1),119-136.
  71. Nazir, A.,Raza, S.,Chuah, C.(2008).Unveiling Facebook: A measurement study of social network based applications.8th ACM SIGCOMM Conference on Internet measurement,Vouliagmeni, Greece:
  72. Newman, M. E. J.(2003).Ego-centered networks and the ripple effect-or-why all your friends are weird.Social Networks,25,83-95.
  73. Pantano, E.,Tavernise, A.,Viassone, M.(2010).Consumer perception of computer-mediated communication in a social network.4th International Conference on New Trends in Information Science and Service Science,Gyeongju, South Korea:
  74. Peysakhovich, A., & Hendrix, K. (2016, August 4). News feed FYI: Further reducing clickbait in feed. Facebook Newsroom. Retrieved from http://newsroom.fb.com/news/2016/08/news-feed-fyi-further-reducing-clickbait-in-feed/
  75. Pool, I.(1980).Comment on Mark Granovetter's "The strength if weak ties: A network theory network theory revisited." [Peer commentary on the paper "The strength if weak ties: A network theory network theory revisited" by M. Granovetter].1980 meeting of the International Communications Association,Acapulco, Mexico:
  76. Roy, A.,Zeng, H.,Bagga, J.,Porter, G.,Snoeren, A. C.(2015).Inside the social network's datacenter network.ACM Conference on Special Interest Group on Data Communication,London, UK:
  77. Saleh, F.,Jani, H.,Marzouqi, M.,Khajeh, N.,Rajan, A.(2011).Social networking by the youth in the UAE: A privacy paradox.International Confernce and Workshop on Current Trends in Information Technology,Dubai, United Arab Emirates:
  78. Stansberry, K.(2012).OR,School of Journalis, and Communication, University of Oregon.
  79. Stillwell, D.,Kosinski, M.(2011).myPersonality project: Example of successful utilization of online social networks for large-scale social research.Proceedings of the 1st ACM Workshop on Mobile Systems for Computational Social Science
  80. Troldahl, V. C.(1966).A field test of a modified "two-step flow of communication" model.Public Opinion Quarterly,30,609-623.
  81. van Dijck, J.(2009).Users like you? Theorizing agency in user-generated content.Media, Culture and Society,31,41-51.
  82. Viswanath, B.,Mislove, A.,Cha, M.,Gummadi, K. P.(2009).On the evolution of user interaction in Facebook.2nd ACM Workshop on Online Social Networks,Barcelona, Spain:
  83. Walther, J.,Van Der Heide, B.,Hamel, L.,Shulman, H.(2009).Self-generated versus other-generated statements and impressions in computer-mediated communication: A test of warranting theory using Facebook.Communication Research,36,229-254.
  84. Webster, J. G.,Ksiazek, T. B.(2012).The dynamics of audience fragmentation: Public attention in an age of digital media.Journal of Communication,62,39-56.
  85. Weimann, G.(1981).Israel,Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
  86. Wellman, B.(1993).An egocentric network tale: Comment on Bien et al. (1991).Social Networks,15,423-436.
  87. Weng, L.,Lento, T.(2014).Topic-based clusters in egocentric network on Facebook.AAAI'14 Conference on Weblogs and Social Media,Québec, Canada:
  88. Wittman, C. (2012, January 25). 5 facts you didn't know about Facebook edgarank. Socialfresh. Retrieved from https://www.socialfresh.com/facebook-edgerank-facts/
  89. Wright, S.,Parchoma, G.(2011).Technologies for learning? An actor-network theory critique of 'affordances' in research on mobile learning.Research in Learning Technology,19(3),247-258.
  90. Wunsch-Vincent, S.,Vickery, G.(2007).OECD reportOECD report,未出版
  91. Yang, S. H.,Long, B.,Smola, A.,Sadagopan, N.,Zheng, Z.,Zha, H.(2011).Like like alike: Joint friendship and interest propagation in social networks.International Conference on World Wide Web,Hyderabad, India:
  92. Yu, A., & Tas, A. (2015, June 12). News feed FYI: Taking into account time spent on stories. Facebook Newsroom. Retrieved from https://newsroom.fb.com/news/2015/06/news-feed-fyi-taking-into-account-time-spent-on-stories/
  93. 何子凡(2014)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。中國文化大學新聞學系。
  94. 林東泰(2008)。大眾傳播理論。臺北,臺灣:師大書苑。
  95. 林博涵(2014)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。世新大學公共關係暨廣告學系。
  96. 俞蘋(2015)。〈全台上網成年人中 超過七成曾分享線上影音/ 影片〉,《科技部傳播調查資料庫》。取自http://www.crctaiwan.nctu.edu.tw/ResultsShow_detail.asp?RS_ID=38
  97. 張約翰(2016 年2 月12 日)。〈看新聞, 上臉書!〉,《大數聚》。取自http://group.dailyview.tw/2016/02/12/看新聞,上臉書/
  98. 張瑀倩(2014)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立政治大學行政管理學程。
  99. 黃哲斌(2017 年1 月17 日)。〈黃哲斌:慢車離開臉書的理由〉,《獨立評論@天下》。取自https://opinion.cw.com.tw/blog/profile/51/article/5249
  100. 熊凱文、魏浩翔、紀明德(2014)。社群媒體資訊傳播之視覺化─以Facebook 分享為例。甲午年第廿二屆計算機圖學研討會,臺灣,臺北:
  101. 魏駿凱(2014)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。世新大學廣播電視電影學系。
被引用次数
  1. 曹家榮(2020)。社群媒體研究的異質行動網絡:重新想像數位時代的知識生產。新聞學研究,143,167-213。