華語道歉策略的差別效應研究

A Study on The Single and Joint Effects of Apology Component

10.29748/TJCSL.201706_(14).0005

張玉芳(Yuh-Fang Chang)

華語教學 ； 道歉策略 ； 差別效應 ； Chinese as a second language ； apology strategy ； effects of apology

臺灣華語教學研究

14期（2017 / 06 / 01）

101 - 124

繁體中文

現有探討言談行為「道歉」的相關研究不少，但多數學者聚焦於特定語言表達道歉的策略種類，或比較探討不同語言間表達道歉的策略差異。雖然這部分的研究發現，能幫助我們了解跨文化之間表達道歉策略的差異，但要清楚了解「道歉」言談行為，除了需要知道「表達道歉者」使用什麼策略道歉之外，也應探究每一類的道歉策略、或不同的道歉策略組合，所傳達的道歉誠意，對於「接受道歉者」而言，是否有差異。然而，現有探討道歉語的相關研究，多數是收集表達資料（production data），分析道歉策略的使用差異；或收集認知資料（perception data）針對道歉情境冒犯的嚴重程度、需要道歉的必要性、被冒犯者會接受道歉的可能性等認知差異做比較，都是從「表達道歉者」的角度探討「道歉」的言談行為。少有學者從「被冒犯者」（亦即：接受道歉者）的角度，探討每一類的道歉策略或不同的道歉策略組合，所傳達的道歉誠意，對於「接受道歉者」而言，是否有差異。本研究從「被冒犯者」的角度，探討每一類的道歉策略、不同道歉策略組合以及同一種道歉策略但不同的內容等，它們所傳達的道歉誠意的是否有別，並研究其認知是否有性別的差異。

People apologize differently. The apology strategies that previous studies classified include: (1) IFID expressing regret, (2) IFID requesting forgiveness, (3) intensifier, (4) repair, (5) explanation, (6) lack of intent, (7) self-blame, (8) admission of fact, (9) promise of forbearance, (10) acknowledgement, (11) concern, (12) minimizing, (13) alerter, (14) justification. Most of the research literature on the speech act of apology collected production data to examine the speech act of apology of a specific culture or compared the speech act of apology across cultural groups. The issue concerning whether and how different types of apology strategy work differently in changing the perception of transgressors has attracted relatively little attention from researchers. This study is intended to contribute to the body of research on pragmatics by examining the single and joint effects of apology components on the victim's perception of transgressors.

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