英漢語序習得偏誤研究

Error Analysis in Word Order Acquisition of Chinese by English-speaking Learners

10.29748/TJCSL.201812_(17).0006

邢志群(Zhiqun Xing)

語序習得 ； 偏誤分析 ； 語篇功能 ； 中介語語料 ； word order acquisition ； error analysis ； discourse function ； interlanguage data

臺灣華語教學研究

17期（2018 / 12 / 01）

121 - 152

繁體中文

本文通過分析美國學生的中介語作文，探究與英漢語序習得有關的偏誤問題。首先我們把中介語中的語序偏誤歸納為四大類：（1）句子層面修飾與被修飾成分的錯位問題；（2）篇章層面的連貫問題（如主題鏈）；（3）受母語干擾的漢英混用問題；（4）用與不用特殊語序（如把字句及被字句）問題。本文對比分析這些語序偏誤的句法、語義、語用和語篇特點及功能，發現大部分語序偏誤與漢、英語序差異和語篇功能有極密切的關係，特別是那些漢語有而英語沒有的句法，或者漢英篇章語序不同、用法也不同的句子，如主題句、把字句、被字句等。論證結果表明這些偏誤主要源於兩個誘因：跨語言干擾和母語不對稱遷移。

This study aims to investigate word order errors in Chinese by English-speaking learners. Using data collected from interlanguage essays written by American university students, this study classifies word order errors into four types: 1) dislocation between the modifier and the modified, 2) lack of discourse coherence means (e.g. topic chain), 3) mixture of Chinese and English word order, and 4) misuse of special word orders (e.g. the bă/bèi constructions). Through analysis of syntactic, semantic, discourse and pragmatic characteristics and functions of those word order errors, we find that most order-word errors in Chinese correspond to word order variations and functional differences between Chinese and English, such as the errors related to the discourse functions of the topic-comment construction and the bă/bèi construction. It is argued that two factors play a crucial role in triggering those errors - interlanguage interference (or intralingua) and negative transference from students' native language (interlingua).

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