Teaching Beginners Topic Development: Using Naturally Occurring Conversation

會話話題開展的教學：以自然話語為教材

10.29748/TJCSL.201812_(17).0005

葉萌(Meng Yeh)

topic development ； conversation analysis ； natural conversation ； elementary Chinese ； 話題開展 ； 會話分析 ； 自然話語 ； 初級中文

臺灣華語教學研究

17期（2018 / 12 / 01）

89 - 120

英文

Managing topic development is an important interactional skill in conversation, but is rarely taught or practiced in a L2 classroom. The goal of this paper is to describe a pedagogical approach that uses naturally occurring conversations to guide beginning Chinese learners to notice and use the systematic methods of topic development. The pedagogical approach is based on the research findings from Conversation Analysis (CA) in English and Chinese. The CA-informed pedagogy demonstrates the instructional procedures that lead students to analyze the co-constructed sequential organization of topic initiation, expansion, and shift. The design of practices and final production provide students the opportunities of social interactions, requiring students to engage in open-ended conversations with peers and L1 speakers. Through these interactions, students can display the newly acquired skills in using various methods to manage topic development.

開展話題是會話互動中的重要能力，然而外語或二語課堂內在這方面的教學格外缺乏。此篇論文的主要目的就是闡述如何培養初級學生在交談中發展話題的能力。教學的理念是以自然話語為教材，著重於引導學生注意到並能使用發展話題的方式。會話分析的研究顯示日常交談中的話題，其開展、延伸、轉換均有一定的順序及系統，而且話題的發展是由雙方談話者共同構建的。此篇論文所設計的教學方法即是根據中、英文會話分析在話題研究上的成果，指導學生分析自然會話，從而理解發展話題的方式。教學活動注重提供學生社交互動的機會，與同儕及母語者進行開放式的交談，以此互動會使用話題的開展、延伸方式。

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