以個案訪談分析國軍救災任務管理系統需求：以行動跨組織資訊系統為例

Analyzing User Requirements of Military Disaster Relief Management System Based on Case Study: A Study of Mobile Inter-Organizational Information System

10.6149/JDM.201909_8(2).0001

陳秀如(Hsiu-Ju Chen)；吳金龍(Chin-Lung Wu)

需求分析 ； 國軍救災任務管理系統 ； 跨組織資訊系統 ； 個案訪談 ； User requirement analysis ； Military Disaster Relief Management System ； Inter-organizational information systems ； Case study

災害防救科技與管理學刊

8卷2期（2019 / 09 / 01）

1 - 21

繁體中文

臺灣位於西太平洋颱風常經之路及板塊交接處，風災或地震的天然災害並不陌生。雖然災害防救工作已是國軍重要核心任務，然而目前在救災兵力申請、救災任務管理及成果回報作業方面，仍舊維持傳統人工作業模式，加上目前兵力持續精簡的情況，解決救災資訊傳遞即時性與降低救災人力負荷需求，已是重要迫切的問題。由於行動科技的進步，將傳統跨組織作業流程資訊化，不但提升作業效率且能達成資訊傳遞即時性需求，因此本研究針對國軍兵力支援救災任務管理運作狀況、現行兵力申請作業流程等進行個案訪談分析，提出以行動跨組織資訊系統方式建構「救災任務管理系統」，以期整合災防資訊即時傳遞與管理功能，提升救災成效，作為國軍整合救災任務管理參考。

Disasters caused by global climate anomalies increase in recent years. Their scope and damage impact also expand. Taiwan locates in the paths of west Pacific typhoons. It follows that many catastrophes threat the safety of life, property and residence of Taiwan people. Therefore, after the Morakot Typhoon Disaster in 2009, the government has declared the tasks of disaster prevention and relief as the core mission of the military. However, in spite that the Military Disaster Prevention and Response Information Management System has been adopted to empower the management in vehicles, equipment, and materials in enhancing disaster relief efficiency since 2010, the system does not provide the functions of military force application, relief missions management, and the feedback of relief outcomes yet. These processes are still currently finished through traditional mode of manual operations, such as paper work, telephone contact, fax and other methods that spend lots of time and manpower. The manual processes then cause problems in information immediacy and manpower waste, and thus decrease efficiency of disaster relief. This study is therefore motivated to analyze user requirements of these processes based on case study and to propose Military Disaster Relief Management System to integrate the processes. The results of the study integrate the inter-organizational processes via mobile technology to achieve the aim of disaster relief efficiency. They provide references for the following development and implementation of Military Disaster Relief Management System to increase information immediacy and disaster relief efficiency via mobile inter-organizational information systems.

1. 呂明心,林維真,岳修平(2017)。企業行動化之導入策略與組織績效影響研究。圖書資訊學刊，15(1)，77-101。
   連結：
2. 陳信宏,季延平(2007)。臺灣中小企業跨組織資訊系統採用困難的探討：概念性分析。中山管理評論，15(1)，117-141。
   連結：
3. 國防法，總統華總一義字第 09900317051 號令（2010 年 11 月 24 日）
4. 國軍協助災害防救辦法，國規委會字第 1060000035 號令、內政部臺內消字第 1060024384 號令（2017 年 4月 25 日）。
5. 民國八十八年九月二十五日總統緊急命令（九二一震災），華總一義字第 8800228440 號令（2009 年 9 月 25日）。
6. 國防部後備指揮部，2018，〈兵力申請流程〉，2018 年 6 月 29 日，摘錄自 https:// afrc.mnd.gov.tw /AFRCWeb/
7. 災害防救法，華總一義字第 09900192631 號令（2010 年 8 月 4 日）。
8. Aung, E.,Whittaker, M.(2013).Preparing routine health information systems for immediate health responses to disasters.Health Policy and Planning,28,495-507.
9. Barrett, S.,Konsynski, B.(1982).Inter-organization information sharing systems.MIS Quarterly,6,93-105.
10. Cash, J. L.,Konsynski, B.(1985).IS redraws competitive boundaries.Harvard Business Review,63(2),134-142.
11. Chang Chien, J.-R.(2010).A handheld electronic patient record using a new UML component-based architecture.Biomedical Engineering: Applications Basis and Communications,22,437-451.
12. Chwelos, P.,Benbasat, I.,Dexter, A. S.(2001).Research report: Empirical test of an EDI adoption model.Information Systems Research,12,304-321.
13. Consoli, D.(2012).An advanced platform for collaborative and mobile enterprise 2.0.Journal of Mobile, Embedded and Distributed Systems,4,121-133.
14. de Oliveira Silva, L.,de Mello Bandeira, R. A.,Campos, V. B. G.(2017).The use of UAV and geographic information systems for facility location in a post-disaster scenario.Transportation Research Procedia,27,1137-1145.
15. Dimension Data, 2015. The 2015 mobile workforce report: Rise of the mobile worker. Retrieved March, 20, 2018, from http://www.slideshare.net/DimensionData/the-2015-mobile-workforce-report-rise-of-themobileworker-55884128
16. Doy, J. M.,Junglas, I.,Silva, L.(2009).Information flow impediments in disaster relief supply chains.Journal of the Association of Information Systems,10,637-660.
17. Heaslip, G.,Barber, E.(2014).Using the military in disaster relief: Systemising challenges and opportunities.Journal of Humanitarian Logistics and Supply Chain Management,4,60-81.
18. Isaias, P.,Issa, T.(2015).High level models and methodologies for information systems.New York:Springer.
19. Kuan, K. K. Y.,Chau, P. Y. K.(2001).A perception-based model for EDI adoption in small businesses using a technology–organization–environment framework.Information & Management,38,507-521.
20. Maghsoudi, A.,Zailani, S.,Ramayah, T.,Pazirandeh, A.(2018).Coordination of efforts in disaster relief supply chains: the moderating role of resource scarcity and redundancy.International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications,21,407-430.
21. Minic, S. M.,Gendreau, M.,Potvin, J.-Y.,Berger, J.,Boukhtouta, A.,Thomson, D.(2017).Military three-echelon disaster relief supply chain management.2017 4th International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies for Disaster Management (ICT-DM),Münster, Germany:
22. Moshtari, M.,Gonçalves, P.(2017).Factors influencing interorganizational collaboration within a disaster.VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations,28,1673-1694.
23. Pettit, S. J.,Beresford, A. K. C.(2005).Emergency relief logistics: An evaluation of military, non-military, and composite response models.International Journal of Logistics: Research and Applications,8,313-331.
24. Robey, D.,Im, G.,Wareham, J. D.(2007).Theoretical foundations of empirical research on interorganizational systems: Assessing past contributions and guiding future directions.Journal of the Association for Information Systems,9(9)
25. Santos, R. M.,Orozco, J.,Ochoa, S. F.,Meseguer, R.,Mosse, D.(2017).Supporting real-time message delivery in disaster relief efforts: An analytical approach.Ubiquitous Computing and Ambient Intelligence: 11th International Conference, UCAmI 2017. Philadelphia, PA, USA, November 7–10, 2017. Proceedings,Cham, Switzerland:
26. Wiseman, C.(1988).Strategic information systems.Homewood, IL:Irwin.
27. Yao, Y.,Palmer, J.,Dresner, M.(2007).An interorganizational perspective on the use of electronically-enabled supply chains.Decision Support Systems,43,884-896.
28. Yin, R. K.(1994).Case study research: Design and methods.Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage.
29. Yueh, H.-P.,Lu, M.-H.,Lin, W.(2016).Employees’ acceptance of mobile technology in a workplace: An empirical study using SEM and fsQCA.Journal of Business Research,69,2318-2324.
30. Zook, M.,Graham, M.,Shelton, T.,Gorman, S.(2010).Volunteered geographic information and crowdsourcing disaster relief: A case study of the Haitian earthquake.World Medical & Health Policy,2(2),7-33.
31. 中央災害防救委員會(2013)。中央災害防救委員會，2013，《中央災害防救計畫》，臺北市：行政院。
32. 王中允,林子倫(2011)。行政院研考會委辦臺灣公共治理研究中心委託研究報告行政院研考會委辦臺灣公共治理研究中心委託研究報告,臺北市:行政院研究發展考核委員會。
33. 田力品(2015)。災害防救法架構下國軍任務賦予法理評析。軍法專刊，61(4)，94-124。
34. 江弘達(2011)。國防大學戰略研究所。
35. 吳仁和(2015).物件導向系統分析與設計：結合 MDA 與 UML.臺北市:智勝文化.
36. 吳仁和,林信惠(2000).系統分析與設計理論與實務應用.臺北市:智勝文化.
37. 吳金龍(2018)。義守大學資訊管理學系碩士在職專班。
38. 李金美,王邦宇(2014)。運用行動科技讓醫療管理無界限。醫院雙月刊，47(3)，26-30。
39. 李美華（譯）,Babbie, Earl(1998).社會科學研究方法.臺北市:時英.
40. 林東清(2016).資訊管理：e 化企業的核心競爭能力.臺北市:智勝文化.
41. 邱莉玲，2014，〈趨勢預測—贏在未來必備 8 大行動科技〉，《中時電子報》，2018 年 11 月 23 日，摘錄自 https://tw.news.yahoo.com/%E8%B6%A8%E5%8B%A2%E9%A0%90%E6%B8%AC-%E8%B4%8F%E5%9C%A8%E6%9C%AA%E4%BE%86%E5%BF%85%E5%82%998%E5%A4%A7%E8%A1%8C%E5%8B%95%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80-215622807--finance.html
42. 梁定澎(2006).決策支援系統與企業智慧.臺北市:智勝文化.
43. 陳湘揚,林錦陽,陳國益,陳富國,顧鴻國,王邦傑,孫冠宏(2004).軟體工程：物件導向程式設計與UML 系統分析實作.臺北市:博碩文化.
44. 陸建成,張鳳美(2010)。醫院策略性資訊系統規劃對滿意度的影響之研究。安泰醫護雜誌，16(4)，285-298。
45. 黃維民,江麗君,蘇雅涵(2017)。探討人力資源資訊系統使用者滿意度之研究—以南區某區域教學醫院為例。管理科學研究，11(1)，1-25。
46. 溫金豐(2016).組織理論與管理.臺北市:華泰文化.
47. 詹振偉(2015)。國防大學管理學院資訊管理學系。
48. 數位時代，2015，〈【IT 趨勢白皮書】互聯世代保防戰開打，9 成企業無畏高成本嚴密布署〉，2018 年 3月 20 日，摘錄自 https://www.bnext.com.tw/article/37960/BN-2015-11-13-181008-154
49. 賴香菊,蘇芳霈(1999)。策略資訊系統應用分析。中山管理評論，7(2)，383-421。
50. 羅淑芬(2016)。行動科技智慧照護。志為護理，15(5)，28-29。