大學生男子立定跳遠之運動學與表現相關

Kinematics and performance correlation of male standing long jump among college students

10.6646/CYPEJ.202112_(17).0005

吳蕙汝(Hui-Ju, Wu)；陳朝福(Chao-Fu, Chen)

重心角度 ； 重心高度 ； 起跳瞬間 ； Body Angle ； Body Velocity ； Moment of take-off

中原體育學報

17期（2021 / 12 / 01）

51 - 60

繁體中文

目的：探討大學生在立定跳遠起跳瞬間和騰空時間與著地瞬間，其關鍵運動學參數與表現之相關。方法：本研究隨機招募12位男性大學生為研究對象，以2台高速攝影機拍攝，同步擷取頻率為100Hz，每位共執行3次最大努力立定跳遠，選其最佳一次進行資料分析，再經由Kwon 3D動作分析系統進行影像分析其三維空間運動學參數，其身高178.00±4.24公分、體重70.25±7.29公斤、年齡19.08±0.97歲、立定跳遠距離2.35±0.18公尺。結果：分析結果發現，起跳瞬間之重心高度與立定跳遠成績為高顯著正相關（r = .748, p = .005）；起跳瞬間之髖關節角度與膝關節角度為負相關（r = -.587, p = .045）；起跳瞬間之膝關節角度與踝關節角度為高顯著正相關（r = .762, p = .004）；起跳瞬間之踝關節與重心角度為正相關（r = .601, p = .039）。騰空階段之騰空時間與重心角度為高顯著正相關（r = .799, p = .002）。著地瞬間之髖關節角度與重心高度為正相關（r = .685, p = .014）；著地瞬間之踝關節角度與重心速度為負相關（r = -.580., p = .048）。結論：最佳起跳重心角度技術是騰空時間關鍵因素，延伸髖關節前傾，膝關節與踝關節需較大伸展模式，減少踝關節蹠屈動作來延長騰空時間，最後增加身體重心高度來獲得最佳動作表現。

Objective: To explore the correlation between the key kinematic parameters and performance of college students at the moment of take-off, the time of flight and the moment of landing in standing long jump. Methods: This study randomly recruited 12 male college students as the research subjects. They were taken with 2 high-speed cameras, and the synchronous acquisition frequency was 100Hz. Kwon 3D motion analysis system performs image analysis of its three-dimensional spatial kinematics parameters. Its height is 178.00±4.24 cm, weight is 70.25±7.29 kg, age is 19.08±0.97 years old, and the standing long jump distance is 2.35±0.18 m. Results: The analysis results found that the height of the center of gravity at the moment of take-off was significantly positively correlated with the standing long jump performance (r = .748, p = .005); the angle of the hip joint at the moment of take-off was negatively correlated with the angle of the knee joint (r = .- 587, p = .045); the angle of the knee joint at the moment of take-off and the angle of the ankle joint are significantly positively correlated (r = .762, p = .004); the angle of the ankle joint at the moment of take-off is positively correlated with the angle of the center of gravity (r =. 601, p = .039). The flight time of flight phase and the angle of the center of gravity are highly significantly positively correlated (r = .799, p = .002). The hip angle at the moment of landing is positively related to the height of the center of gravity (r = .685, p = .014); the ankle angle at the moment of landing is negatively related to the center of gravity velocity (r = -.580., p = .048) Conclusion: The optimal take-off center of gravity angle technique is a key factor in the flight time. To extend the hip joint forward, the knee and ankle joints need a larger extension mode, reduce the ankle joint plantar flexion to extend the flight time, and finally increase the body's center of gravity height to get the most good performance.

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