人倫之情、尊卑之序：由漢文劍客小說中「君臣」、「父子」論日治臺灣忠孝觀的建立

The Affection in the Five Cardinal Relationships and the Order of Social Hierarchy: A Research on the Establishment of Loyalty and Filial Piety Principle in the Chinese Swordsman Novels during the Period of Japanese Rule of Taiwan

林以衡(Yi-heng Lin)

忠孝 ； 劍客 ； 君臣 ； 父子 ； 五倫 ； loyalty and filial piety ； swordsman ； monarch/courtier ； father/son ； the five cardinal relationships

東亞觀念史集刊

20期（2022 / 09 / 01）

187 - 223

繁體中文;英文

本文以日治時期被轉刊到臺灣漢文報紙上的日本劍客小說為研究起點，藉由對小說內容與人物關係的梳理，思考「忠孝」如何作為君臣、父子倫常關係的行為準則外，並以這幾篇劍客小說為例，延伸論述日治臺灣由「忠優於孝」到「忠孝一本」觀念的確立。首先，透過文本的細讀，本文分析這些小說中所書寫的君臣、父子間「忠」、「孝」的情節，探討在這個人倫之情與尊卑之序中，其間的忠、孝觀如何被建立，以及在小說中所呈現「忠優於孝」的觀念。其次，本文擴及探討的視角，論述為何整個日治臺灣忠孝觀，並非以漢文劍客小說中「忠優於孝」的觀念貫穿整個日治時期，而是以「忠孝一本」作為殖民地臺灣主要的忠孝觀。最後，透過上述研析，本文期待能對殖民地臺灣忠孝觀的建立有更深入理解外，並能以此研究成果，作為未來日治臺灣觀念史建構的基礎研究。

By analyzing the context and the relationship between the characters in the Chinese swordsman novels translated from Japanese and published on Taiwanese newspapers, this paper focuses on how loyalty and filial piety was used as the main principle to deal with monarch/courtier and father/son relationships. It further examines the establishment of the concept of loyalty and filial piety, as well as the transition of "loyalty is greater than filial piety" to "loyalty and filial piety as a whole" in these novels. It is indicated that, instead of the principle of "loyalty is greater than filial piety," the principle of "loyalty and filial piety as a whole" was the mainstream idea throughout the period of Japanese rule on Taiwan. Therefore, the context behind this phenomenon is also investigated in this research. Finally, this paper hopes to lay the foundation for the future research on the history of idea in Taiwan under Japanese rule.