臺灣中部地區教保服務人員流感預防行為之相關因素探討

Related Factors for the Behavior of Influenza Prevention among Preschool Educators in Central Taiwan

駱明潔(Ming-Jae Lo)；梁家熒(Chia-Ying, Liang)

教保服務人員 ； 健康促進模式 ； 流感預防認知 ； 流感預防行為 ； Preschool educators ； Health promotion model ； Influenza prevention cognition ； Influenza prevention behavior

醫學與健康期刊

11卷1期（2022 / 03 / 01）

37 - 55

繁體中文

目的：本研究旨在瞭解中部地區教保服務人員在流感預防認知與行為之現況，以及教保服務人員背景變項與流感預防認知對其流感預防行為之預測力。方法：採問卷調查法，以自編問卷為研究工具，利用分層隨機抽樣方式，取得有效樣本數738份。結果：教保服務人員在流感預防認知達部分同意，各面向得分由高至低排序為：人際間的影響、行動相關感受、自覺行動利益與效能以及自覺行動障礙。流感預防行為表現達部分符合，各面向得分由高至低排序為：減少傳染途徑與機會、施打流感疫苗以及提升個人免疫力。教保服務人員之居住地區、服務之幼兒園性質、年齡、近三年接種流感疫苗次數以及流感預防認知之自覺行動利益與效能、行動相關感受及人際間的影響三面向，對流感預防行為具有預測性。結論：根據本研究結果，建議衛生主管機關可透過多元方式宣導流感疫苗接種之重要性與安全性，以及幼兒園能主動提供教保服務人員流感預防之專業資訊。

Objectives. This research was to understanding the current status of preschool educators in central Taiwan regarding influenza prevention cognition and behavior. It also analyzes the predictive power of influenza prevention behavior for different background variables and influenza prevention cognition. Methods. Using the questionnaire survey method, this research used a self-made questionnaire as a research tool, using stratified random sampling, and finally obtained a total of 738 valid samples. The author uses descriptive statistics, and stepwise multiple regression to analyze. Results. For the preschool educators in the central region, they have reached partial agreement in terms of influenza prevention cognition. As for the aspects of the Influenza Prevention Cognition Scale, the scores are ranked from high to low as: ＂interpersonal influence＂, ＂action-related feelings＂, ＂perceived benefits of action and self-efficacy＂ and ＂perceived barriers to action＂. For the preschool educators in the central region, they have reached partial agreement in terms of influenza prevention behavior. The scores for each aspect of the Influenza Prevention Behavior Scale are ranked from high to low: ＂Reduce the ways and opportunities of infection＂, ＂Influenza vaccine administration＂ and ＂Improve personal immunity＂. For the residential area of preschool educators in the central region, the nature of the preschool, the age, the number of influenza vaccinations in the past three years and the cognition of influenza prevention of the three subscales of ＂perceived benefits of action and self-efficacy＂, ＂action-related feelings＂ and ＂Interpersonal Influence＂ are predictive of influenza prevention behavior. Conclusion. Based on the results of this research, the author puts forward relevant suggestions: The competent health authority can publicize the importance and safety of influenza vaccination through multiple methods, and preschools should take the initiative to provide professional information sources on influenza prevention for preschool educators.

1. 吳姿瑩, TY,張家榮, CJ,吳文祥, WH(2018)。以醫療區為基礎之流感併發重症疫情監控系統。醫務管理期刊，19，227-248。
   連結：
2. 廖彩涵, TH,楊銘欽, MC(2012)。影響家長讓小孩接種肺炎鏈球菌疫苗之相關因素：網路調查之應用。臺灣公共衛生雜誌，31，361-370。
   連結：
3. Boyle, J,Crilly, J,Keijzers, G(2011).Impact of influenza across 27 public emergency departments in Australia: A 5-year descriptive study.Emerg Med J,29,725-731.
4. Chow, EJ,Doyle, JD,Uyeki, TM(2019).Influenza virus-related critical illness: prevention, diagnosis, treatment.Crit Care,23,214.
5. Cox, NJ,Subbarao, K(2000).Global epidemiology of influenza: Past and present.Annu Rev Med,51,407-421.
6. de Perio, MA,Wiegand, DM,Brueck, SE(2014).Influenza vaccination coverage among school employees: assessing knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors.J Sch Health,84,586-592.
7. de Perio, MA,Wiegand, DM,Evans, SM(2012).Low influenza vaccination rates among child care workers in the United States: assessing knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors.J Community Health,37,272-281.
8. Fineberg, HV(2014).Pandemic preparedness and response-lessons from the H1N1infl uenza of 2009.N Engl J Med,370,1335-1342.
9. Lbrahim, G(1995).Knowledge, attitude and practice the three pillars of excellence and wisdom: a place in the medical profession.East Mediterr Health J,1,8-16.
10. Murdaugh, CL,Parsons, MA,Pender, NJ(2019).Health promotion in nursing practice.Boston:Pearson Education, Inc.
11. Murphy, D(2000).Killer bacteria:What you need to know about food safety.Curr Health,26,6-12.
12. Ortiz, JR,Lafond, KE,Wong, TA,Uyeki, TM(2012).Pandemic influenza in Africa, lessons learned from 1968: a systematic review of the literature.Influenza Other Respiratory Viruses,6,11-24.
13. Sherriff, A,Golding, J,Alspac Study Team(2002).Factors associated with different hygiene practices in the homes of 15 month old infants.Arch Dis Child,87,30-35.
14. World Health Organization.Global influenza strategy 2019-2030.World Health Organization.
15. 白華枝, HC(2009)。臺南縣市幼稚園教師、幼兒家長對於腸病毒的認知與防治之研究。兒童與教育研究，5，45-88。
16. 行政院衛生署疾病管制局（編）, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Executive Yuan(Ed.)(2011).認識流感疫苗—教學手冊.臺北市=Taipei City:衛生署疾病局=Center for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Welfare.
17. 吳明隆, ML(2017).SPSS 操作與應用-問卷統計分析實務.臺北=Taipei:五南=Wunan.
18. 邱鈺庭, YT(2017)。臺中市=Taichung city，中臺科技大學醫療暨健康產業管理系=Department of Healthcare Administration, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology。
19. 教育部統計處：教育統計查詢網2020年。https://depart.moe.edu.tw/ED4500/cp.aspx?n=C1EE66D2D9BD36A5。引用5/28/2020。Department of the Statistics, Ministry of Education: Education statistics enquiry network 2020. Available at: https://depart.moe.edu.tw/ED4500/cp.aspx?n=C1EE66D2D9BD36A5. Accessed May 28, 2020. [In Chinese]
20. 郭瑋淋, WL(2003)。臺北市=Taipei city，國立臺灣大學衛生政策與管理研究所=The Institute of Health Policy and Management, National Taiwan University。
21. 廖琪玉, CY,陳漢瑛, HY(2007)。流感疫苗接種的健康信念與行為意向之研究—以北部某醫學中心醫護人員為例。健康促進暨衛生教育雜誌，27，1-21。
22. 廖慧雯, HW(2007)。臺北市=Taipei city，國立臺灣師範大學衛生教育學系在職進修碩士班=Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University。
23. 蔡端慧, DH(2013)。臺中市=Taichung city，國立臺中教育大學幼兒教育學系=Department of Early Childhood Education, National Taichung University of Education。
24. 衛生福利部：今年10月起公費流感疫苗接種對象新增6個月內嬰兒之父母、幼兒園及托育機構專業人員。https://www.mohw.gov.tw/cp-3558-37506-1.html。引用3/10/2019。Ministry of Health and Welfare: From October this year, publicly funded influenza vaccination targets will be added to parents of infants within 6 months, preschool and nursery professionals. Available from: https://www.mohw.gov.tw/cp-3558-37506-1.html. Accessed March 10, 2019. [In Chinese]
25. 衛生福利部疾病管制署：年度流感疫苗接種計畫。https://www.cdc.gov.tw/Category/MPage/JNTC9qza3F_rgt9sRHqV2Q。引用5/10/2019。Center for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Welfare: Annual influenza vaccination plan. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov.tw/Category/MPage/JNTC9qza3F_rgt9sRHqV2Q. Accessed March 10, 2019. [In Chinese]
26. 衛生福利部疾病管制署：季節性流感防治工作手冊2019。https://www.cdc.gov.tw/File/Get/tYHlaCF6IDvGqNZ6peD8jA。引用5/10/2019。Center for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Welfare: Seasonal Influenza Prevention and Control Workbook 2019. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov.tw/File/Get/tYHlaCF6IDvGqNZ6peD8jA. Accessed Mayy 10, 2019. [In Chinese]
27. 衛生福利部國民健康署(2018a)。每日飲食健康手冊。https://www.hpa.gov.tw/File/Attach/6712/File_6253.pdf。引用3/10/2019。The Health Promotion Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare: Dietary Guidelines. Available from: https://www.hpa.gov.tw/File/Attach/6712/File_6253.pdf. Accessed March 10, 2019. [In Chinese]
28. 駱明潔, MJ,紀麗卿, LC(2013)。臺中市幼兒教師健康促進生活型態之研究。幼兒教育研究，10，129-163。