線上團體實施經驗、要領與團體療效因子之探究

An Inquiry on the Experiences, Implementation, and Group Therapeutic Factors of Practicing Online Group Works

10.6308/JCPRC.202210_(37).0004

許淨惠(Ching-Hui Hsu)；賴珮柔(Pei-Rou Lai)；徐西森(Shi-Sen Shyu)

通訊團體 ； 線上團體 ； 實施要領 ； 團體療效因子 ； teletherapy ； telehealth ； online group work ； implements ； group therapeutic factors

諮商心理與復健諮商學報

37期（2022 / 10 / 01）

63 - 81

繁體中文

直至全球爆發新冠肺炎疫情，線上通訊健康服務才被大量運用。目前心理師多未受過通訊健康服務的訓練，對通訊服務感到焦慮和挑戰。本研究旨在透過詮釋現象學探討線上團體的優缺點、實施要領及團體療效因子，透過半結構式訪談和主題分析法瞭解六位有線上團體經驗的實務工作者之團體歷程與反思。研究結果為：1.線上團體的優點為便利性和控制感高、對部分族群較有利、容易傳遞資訊；缺點為受限於設備和網路、非語言訊息有限、較被動且不易深入、界限模糊易受干擾等。2.線上團體的實施要領包含事前準備的重要、領導者的因素、語言與活動可催化團體動力。3.線上團體療效因子的探究為難以掌握原生家庭的矯正性重現和存在性因子；較難掌握發展社交技巧、行為模仿與人際學習；可以掌握利他主義、宣洩和團體凝聚力，但較難深入；以及容易掌握灌輸希望、有普同感與傳達資訊。最後根據發現與討論提出研究與實務之建議。

Due to the global COVID-19 pandemic, therapists have shifted their practice online. Most psychologists did not receive appropriate training and felt anxious and challenged. The purpose of this hermeneutic phenomenological study is to explore the advantages and challenges of teletherapy as well as its implement and therapeutic factors of telegroup service. The study was conducted through semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis from six practitioners regarding their experiences in the group process and reflections. Analysis of the interviews revealed: (a) The advantages are more convenience and sense of control, good for some groups, and ease to convey information. The challenges are limitations from facilities and internet, lack of nonverbal messages, passiveness and inability to address psychological distress deeply, blurred boundary and frequent interruption. (b) Implementation includes preparations beforehand, leader's factors, facilitating group dynamic through verbal conversations and activities. (c) Therapeutic factors analysis revealed the advantages of telemental group therapies are as follows: Difficulties in uncovering the corrective recapitulation of the primary family group and existential factors; hard to develop social skills, imitative behavior and interpersonal learning; frequent appearance of altruism, catharsis and group cohesiveness without in depth communications; ease of installing hope, universality and imparting of information. Based on the findings and discussion, some suggestions for practice and directions of future research are proposed.

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