國小教師ICT融入教學現況之研究－從Larry Cuban 對科技的教育觀點

ICT Integration in the Primary Classroom in Taiwan-A Study with Larry Cuban's Educatinal Perspectives on Technology

10.6137/RECT.2013.104.04

饒世妙(Shih-Miao Jao)

Larry Cuban對科技的教育觀點 ； 國民小學教師 ； ICT ； ICT融入教學 ； Larry Cuban's educational perspectives on technology ； Primary teachers ； ICT ； ICT integration in teaching

教育傳播與科技研究

104期（2013 / 06 / 01）

53 - 83

繁體中文

本研究主旨在調查國內小學教師實施ICT融入教學的現況，透過現況調查結果與Larry Cuban對科技的教育觀點做對比，藉以瞭解近10年來教育部推動ICT教育政策的結果是否如Cuban當年研究的結果一致。研究是以全國公立小學教師為研究樣本，透過問卷調查方法實施。研究結果發現：（一）七成以上教師對教室ICT設備的滿意度中上程度，而E 化專科教室則是過度銷售低度使用；（二）教師不是科技恐懼者，ICT技術的支援需求低，而獲得支援程度高；（三）ICT使用仍有性別、經驗差異，ICT專科教室使用存在城鄉及學校規模差異；（四）教師對ICT政策回應緩慢，電子教科書對老師ICT 融入教學有高度影響；（五）教師實施ICT融入教學層次偏低，仍以支持其既有教學方式為主；（六）ICT在教學過程中重要性可期。根據研究結果，提出四點作為ICT育推動的建議：（一）學校應擴大教師參與，提升ICT設備的適切性與滿意度；（二）建立ICT專業學習社群，縮小性別、融入設計經驗、城鄉與學校規模差距（三）推動ICT融入教學能力指標化，促進ICT高層次應用實踐能力（四）面對不如預期的結果，未來可進一步探究影響教師實施ICT融入教學之因素。

This study investigates the ICT integrated teaching as adopted by primary teachers in local schools. With Larry Cuban's educational perspectives on technology, it examines the ICT integration policy which has been promoted by the Ministry of Education over the last ten years. A questionnaire is given to primary teachers in public schools nationwide. The findings are summarized below. (1) More than 70% teachers' satisfaction level in ICT facilities is mid-high. E-classrooms are excessively equipped but rarely used. (2) Teachers are not technophobic. They require low ICT technical supports and exhibit high degree of support for ICT use. (3) There are differences in gender and experiences when teachers use ICT in their classrooms. The use of E-classrooms varies in terms of the size and geographical location of the school. (4) Teachers adapts to the ICT integration policy at a slow pace. E-textbooks are highly influential to their ICT integration teaching. (5) Teachers uphold routine classroom pedagogical practices. Their use of ICT facilities is but limited. (6) The importance of ICT integration in teaching is expected to grow in the future. This study wraps up with four suggestions. (1) Teachers' involvement in the ICT policy-making process should be expanded. Schools should improve teachers' satisfaction and proper use of the ICT facilities. (2) Establishing a professional learning community for ICT teaching would help bridge the gap between gender, integration competence and urban rural schools. (3) Setting up performance indicators for ICT integrated teaching would help develop a higher level of application capability. (4) The reasons why teachsers adopt ICT integrated teaching are yet to be explored in future studies.

1. 袁媛、林意晨(2008)。桃園縣國民中學數學教師使用資訊融入教學之現況研究。科學教育學刊，16，534-561。
   連結：
2. 張雅芳、朱鎮宇、徐加玲(2007)。國小教師資訊科技融入教學現況之研究。教育資料與圖書館學，44，413-434。
   連結：
3. 劉世雄(2011)。臺灣不同城鄉地區國小教師的教學信念與其運用資訊科技融入教學之探討。課程與教學，14(3)，47-76。
   連結：
4. 劉修豪(2009)。電腦科技應用在學校教育改革的實踐思維：Larry Cuban 之科技論述。教育實踐與研究，23(2)，125-152。
   連結：
5. 教育部（1997）。資訊教育基礎建設計畫。上網日期：2013 年2 月15 日，取自 http://www.networklab.csie.ncu.edu.tw/moeplan/network_3.htm
6. 教育部（2001）。中小學資訊教育總藍圖。上網日期：2013 年2 月15 日，取自http://192.192.169.230/edu_paper/data_image/ e0001097/0n0/20010600/p0000001.pdf
7. LoTi. (2011). LoTi digital-age framework. Retrieved April 10, 2013, from http://lot iconnect ion.cachef ly.net /global_documents/LoTi_Framework_Sniff_Test.pdf
8. 教育部（2009）。建置中小學優質化均等數位教育環境計畫。上網日期：2013 年2月15 日， 取自 http://www.edu.tw/userfiles/ url/20120920150854/ 附件-14 建置中小學優質化均等數位教育.pdf
9. Becker, H. J.,Ravitz, J. L.(2001).Computer use by teacher: Are Cuban's predictions correct?.the 2001 annual meeting of the american educational research association,Washington, DC.:
10. Cuban, L.(1993).Computers meet classroom: Classroom wins.Teachers College Record,95,185-210.
11. Cuban, L.(1986).Teachers and machines: The classroom use of technology since 1920.New York:Teachers College.
12. Cuban, L.(2001).Oversold and underused: Computers in the classroom.Cambridge, MA:Harvard University.
13. Cuban, L.,Kirkpatrick, H.,Peck, C.(2001).High access and low use of technologies in high school classrooms: Explaining an apparent paradox.American Education Research Journal,38,813-834.
14. Dias, L. B.(1999).Integrating technology-Some things you should know.Learning & Leading with Technology,27(3),10-13.
15. Drent, M.,Meelissen, M.(2008).Which factors obstruct or stimulate teacher educators to use ICT innovatively?.Journal of Computers & Education,51,187-199.
16. Dwyer, D . C .(1995).Changing the conversation about teaching, learning, and technology: A report on 10 years of ACOT Research.Cupertino, CA:Apple.
17. Flanagan, L.,Jacobsen, M.(2003).Technology leadership for the twenty-first century principal.Journal of Educational Administration,41,124-142.
18. Johnson, D. L.(1997).Integrating technology in the classroom: The time has come.Computers in the Schools,13(1-2),1-5.
19. Moersch, C.(1995).Levels of technology implementation (LoTi): A framework for measuring classroom technology use.Learning & Leading with Technology,23(3),40-42.
20. Sprague, D.,Dede, C.(1999).Constructivism in the classroom: If I teach this way, am I doing my job?.Learning & Leading with Technology,27(1),6-9+16-17.
21. Stevenson, D.(1997).Information and communications technology in UK schools: An independent inquiry.London, UK:Independent ICT in Schools Commission.
22. Waller, T.(2007).ICT and social justice: Educational technology, global capital and digital divides.Journal for Critical Education Policy Studies,5,288-315.
23. 王文裕(2003)。國立新竹師範學院輔導教學碩士班碩士論文。國立新竹師範學院輔導教學碩士班。
24. 王全世(2000)。資訊科技融入教學之意義與內涵。資訊教育雜誌，80，23-31。
25. 古孟玲(2005)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立政治大學幼兒教育系。
26. 吳珍萍(2004)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立臺北師範學院幼兒教育學系。
27. 李雪莉(2000)。教師運用資訊網路能力調查。天下雜誌，29，94-103。
28. 林慧芬(1998)。從幼教老師電腦網路使用現況與需求探討幼教老師專業成長的管道。幼兒教育年刊，10，91-106。
29. 徐新逸(2003)。學校推動資訊融入教學的實施策略探究。教學科技與媒體，64，68-84。
30. 教育部(2008)。教育部中小學資訊教育白皮書2008-2011。
31. 陳香君(2004)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立中山大學教育研究所。
32. 黃陽明(2008)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立臺南大學數位學習科技碩士班。
33. 楊德思、葉昌期(2009)。,未出版

1. 郭倢慇(2021)。學校教師系統與行政系統互動之情緒地理探究－以推動資訊科技融入教學創新之歷程為例。弘光學報，88，1-22。
2. 蘇秀娟、黃衍文、邱淑芬(2017)。資通訊科技於護理教育的應用。護理雜誌，64(6)，5-11。
3. 蘇秀娟、黃衍文、邱淑芬(2017)。資通訊科技於護理教育的應用。護理雜誌，64(6)，5-11。
4. 魏彗娟、周倩、余心蓓(2017)。國小教師使用教用版電子教科書之滿意度：以學校地區、資訊素養與教學環境狀況為探討因素。教育科學研究期刊，62(3)，125-158。
5. (2023)。臺灣國小教師運用ICT於學生專題學習之決策樹分析。清華教育學報，40(2)，1-47。